Personal attack - ANS-instead of presenting a logical counter argument are attacks the
person who presented the argument
ex: You're stupid, so I don't care what you have to say.
Appeal to force - ANS-when you use or threaten to use force to get someone to back
down accept your position
ex: Do as I say or ill hurt you.
Appeal to pity - ANS-someone invokes pity in an argument but is not relevant to the
situation
ex: You need to pass me in this course, since I'll lose my scholarship if you don't.
Appeal to popularity - ANS-one appeals to popular opinion to support their conclusion
ex: Me: "Buying a house is not always the best investment." Majority: "Most people want
to buy a house, so it must be the best investment. It's just common knowledge."
Appeal to ignorance - ANS-one claims that something is true only because it has not
been proven false
ex: There is no proof that God exists; therefore, God does not exist.
Hasty generalization - ANS-one makes a universal claim based on a sample that is
either too small, or unrepresentative
ex: I've met three redheads and they were all mean, so all redheads are mean.
Straw man - ANS-one misrepresents their opponents agreement in order to make it
seem easier to relate
ex: A parent doesn't let their daughter go to a party. The daughter responds with "Why
do you hate me?"
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller denicetho. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.30. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.