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PNC - FINAL EXAM Questions and Answers with complete actual solution
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PNC - FINAL EXAM(1) identify values
(2) identify structure, process, and outcome standards and criteria
(3) measure the degree of attainment of criteria and standards
(4) make interpretations about strengths and weaknesses based on such measurements
(5) identify possible courses of action
✅✅
(6) choose a course of action
(7) take action. - -The American Nurses Association (ANA) in 1975 developed a model
quality-assurance program consisting of seven steps. Note these steps.
✅✅-What two cues must be present for a valid
1. A desire for a higher level of wellness
2. An effective present status or function -
wellness diagnosis?
1. Assault and Battery
2. Defamation of Character
3. Invasion of Privacy
✅✅
4. False Imprisonment
5. Fraud - -Note the 5 intentional tort categories.
1. Avoiding
2. Collaborating
3. Competing
4. Compromising
✅✅
5. Cooperating/Accommodating
6. Smoothing - -Note the 6 Conflict Resolution Approach Strategies.
1. Choosing
✅✅-Note the 3 Main Activities of the Valuing Process:
2. Prizing
3. Acting -
1. Content
2. Timing
3. Format
✅✅-Note the 5 Elements of Documentation:
4. Accountabilty
5. Cofidentilaity -
1. Disclosure
2. Comprehension
✅✅-Note the four elements of Informed Consent
3. Competence
4. Voluntariness -
1. Failure to follow standards of care
2. Failure to use equipment in a responsible manner:
3. Failure to assess and monitor
4. Failure to communicate
, ✅✅-Identify the
5. Failure to document
6. Failure to act as a patient advocate or to follow the chain of command -
6 common categories of malpractice claims:
1. Health information and data
2. Result management
3. Order management
4. Decision support
5. Electronic communication and connectivity
6. Patient support
✅✅
7. Administrative processes and reporting
8. Reporting and population health - -Note the 8 Core functions of the EHR
1. Improve quality and convenience of patient care
2. Increase patient participation in their care
3. Improve accuracy of diagnoses and health outcomes
4. Improve care coordination
5. Increase practice efficiencies and cost savings.
6. Data can be distributed among many caregivers in a standardized format, allowing them
to compare and uniformly evaluate patient progress easily.
7. Nurses from hospitals with fully implemented EHRs were significantly less likely to report
unfavorable outcomes
8. Fewer nurses in the fully implemented hospitals reported frequent medication errors, poor
quality of care, and poor confidence in a patient being ready for discharge. These nurses
also had a 14% decrease in the odds of reporting that "things fell between the cracks" when
✅✅
patients were transferred between units. They were also less likely to report that patient
safety is a low priority for hospital management. - -Note the Benefits of EHR usage.
1. It is a succinct statement of the ethical obligations and duties of every individual who
enters the nursing profession.
2. It is the profession's nonnegotiable ethical standard.
✅✅
3. It is an expression of nursing's own understanding of its commitment to society. -
-The Code of Ethics for Nurses serves the following purposes:
1. Modeling
2. Moralizing
3. Laissez-Faire
✅✅
4. Rewarding and Punishing
5. Responsible Choice - -Note the 5 Common Modes of Value Transmission
1. Nurses and People
2. Nurses and Practice
3. Nurses and the Profession
,4. Nurses and Co-Workers - ✅✅ -The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses has four principal
elements that outline the standards of ethical conduct. Note these four principal elements.
1. Patient Name
2. Code Status
3. Current Problem
✅✅-What is included in the "S" of SBAR?
4. Current Vitals
5. I am concerned about the.... -
1. Patient's mental status
✅✅-What does the "B" in SBAR include?
2. Skin condition
3. Oxygenation Status/Therapy -
1. Recommendation from Physician
2. Any tests needed
3. If a change in treatment orderd, ask:
+how often do you want vitals
✅✅-What is included in the
+How long do you expect this issue to last
+If the patient does not improve, when should we call again -
"R" portion of the SBAR?
1. Right task
2. Right circumstances
3. Right person
✅✅
4. Right direction/communication
5. Right supervision - -What are the Five Rights of Delegation?
1. State the research problem.
2. Define the purpose of the study.
3. Review-related literature.
4. Formulate hypotheses and variables.
5. Select the research design.
6. Select the population and sample.
7. Collect the data.
✅✅-Describe the steps of the Quantitative
8. Analyze the data.
9. Communicate findings and conclusions. -
Research Process.
1. The initial and ongoing nursing assessment of the patient and the patient's nursing care
needs
2. The determination of the nursing diagnosis, nursing care plan, evaluation of the patient's
progress in relation to the care plan, and evaluation of the nursing care delivered to the
patient
3. The supervision and education of nursing personnel; patient teaching that requires an
assessment of the patient and the patient's education needs
, ✅✅
4. Any other nursing intervention that requires professional nursing knowledge, judgment,
and/or skill - -Note nursing care or tasks that should never be delegated except to
another RN.
1. The state practice act must permit delegation and outline the authorized task(s) to be
delegated or authorize the RN to decide delegation.
2. The person making the delegation has the appropriate qualifications
✅✅
3. The person receiving the delegation must have the appropriate qualifications -
-There are three criteria to be considered by the RN when deciding to delegate care
activities. List these criteria.
1. This is what I think the problem is....
2. The problem seems to be (category)
✅✅-What is included in the
3. I'm not what the problem is, but...
4. The patient is unstable and may get worse, we need to act -
"A" portion of the SBAR?
1. Well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge
2. Strong service orientation
3. Recognized authority by a professional group
4. Code of ethics
5. Professional organization that sets standards
✅✅
6. Ongoing research
7. Autonomy and self-regulation - -Note the seven characteristics that qualify an
occupation as a profession.
1.) Seeking ways to improve their health and well-being
2.) To relieve symptoms associated with chronic, even terminal, illnesses or the side effects
of conventional treatments for them.
✅✅
3.) Having a holistic health philosophy or a transformational experience that changes one's
worldview and wanting greater control over one's own health. - -Note reasons for
choosing CAM methods.
1) Discussing patient information in any public area where those who have no need to know
the information can overhear
2)Leaving patient medical information in a public area
3)Leaving a computer unattended in an accessible area with medical record information
unsecured
4)Failing to log off a computer terminal
5) Sharing or exposing passwords
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