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REE 301 Exam #1 Review
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REE 301 Exam #1 ReviewDescribe briefly the revolution of 1905 and its immediate political consequences -
ANS-Began by Father Gapon on "bloody Sunday", it was spurred by Russian defeat in
Japanese war. It involved many worker strikes, and led to the creation of the State
Duma and the October Manifesto
Describe Tatlin's design for a Monument to the Third International, state its significance
in the history of Constructivism - ANS-Tatlin's design for a Monument to the Third
Internation ( Tatlin's Tower) was a building composed of iron and glass, it had revolving
shapes in the center (cube on bottom, then triangular prism, then cylinder, then sphere),
all incased in a spiral pattern. Soviet messages were to be displayed from the top. The
significance of the model was that although the building was never built, it lauched the
Constructivist movement
Describe the major social, political, and economic developments in the region of Central
and Eastern Europe between the two world wars (short essay) - ANS-Main points:
- social development~ Rise of fascism
- political development ~ newly created eastern european countries gained
independence and autonomy from empires (culture wars)
- Economic development ~ new countries attempted to industrialize and modernize, but
were still largely agrarian and increasingly depended on Germany
Discuss the difficulties scholars have encountered in seeking to define what a "nation" is
(couple of paragraphs) - ANS-Main points:
- It is hard to determined if something is a nation or ethinic community. Ex: Jews didn't
live in homeland for centuries, does that make them not a nation?
- Some nations have "polyethnic nations" which are separate groups housed inside of a
larger nation, which further complicates things
- ?? ~ maybe that national identities can change over time
- largely subjective factors such as attitudes, perceptions, and sentiments
- Some genuine nations don't have the "objective" criteria that some scholars use to
define a nation such as language, religion and territory
Discuss the tenets of Soviet Constructivism - ANS-Soviet Constructivsm aspired to the
fusion of art and industrial prodution. They wanted art to show the materials; they didn't
represent anything. The 3 tenets were:
1. Tektonika~ social and politcally appropriate use of industrial material
2. Construction ~ organization of material for a given purpose
, 3. Facture ~ Conscious handling and manipulation of material
Explain the signifiance of the opposition "composition" vs. "construction," the point of
departure for Constructivist theory - ANS-Composition was more in line with traditional
art- it reflected the artists' intention and was meant to represent beauty. On the other
hand, construction didn't want art to represent anything, and created objects that are
meant to show the materials and have a practical purpose
Give the name of Russia's last Tsar - ANS-Tsar Nicolas II
Give the name of the underground organization that carried out the assassination of
Alexander II - ANS-The People's Will
Give the year and place of Winston Churchill's "iron curtain" speech - ANS-March 5,
1946 at Westminister College, Fulton, Missouri
Give the year of Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union - ANS-1941
Give the year of Hitler's coming to power in Germany - ANS-1933
Give the year of the Schism between the Catholic and Orthodox churches - ANS-1054
Give the years of the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union - ANS-1928- 1932
Give the years of the Great Purges in Stalinist Russia - ANS-1936 - 1938
Give the years of World War I - ANS-1914 - 1918
Give the years of WWII - ANS-1939 - 1945
How does language line up with national identity and state borders? - ANS-The many
different languages of Eastern Europe are very important to each individual country's
national identity. However, the linguistic lines are blurry and extremely undefined. As a
result, a variety of languages and dialects can be found in the region, and the many
slavic languages are similary, though not mutually comprehensible
How is cuisine important to national identity? In what ways do the foods line up (or not)
with national borders? (1-2 paragraphs) - ANS-Cuisine is very important to the national
identity of the people of Eastern Europe. Many different foods, such as maze (snack) for
turks, burek for the Balkans, and Borscht for the former Russian empire, are culturally
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