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Psyc 1009a - The History and Scope of Psychology notes
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The History and Scope of PsychologyA. What is Psychology?
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior
o Psychology is more than common sense
o Why is psychology scientific?
because it is based on empiricism
the notion that all knowledge can be acquired through
observation, not on reasoning, tradition or common sense
Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior
o mind
the contents of subjective experience
sensations, thoughts, and emotions
o behavior
observable actions
thought and feelings
activities of cells
B. Roots of Modern Psychology
in the late 1800's both physiologists and philosophers were
investigating the mind
o philosophy - "why"
o physiology - "how"
philosophy - ideas of about the acquisition of knowledge
physiology - progress in understanding the nervous system, senses,
etc
o both came together to create the idea of applying the methods
of science to the study of human behavior
C. The First Schools: Psychology Emerges as a Science
Wilhelm Wundt
o established psychology as an independent science
o first psychology lab, in Germany (1879)
o defined psychology as the study of conscious experience
o typical questions
how are sensations turned into mental awareness of the
outside world?
what are the basic elements of thought?
Psychology comes to America
o Wundt's students start labs across USA (1880 - 1900)
Harvard, Yale, Columbia, Cornell, Stanford
UW-Madison Psychology department formed 1888
Structuralism
o Edward Titchner
o analyze consciousness into basic elements and study how they
are related
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