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PEDIATRICS NURSING EXAM 2 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
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PEDIATRICS NURSING EXAM 2 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
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PEDIATRICS NURSING EXAM 2 COMPLETEQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES
Questions
1. A 4-year-old child is diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic
leukemia (ALL). The nurse should prioritize which of the
following interventions?
o A. Encouraging the child to play with other children in the
playroom
o B. Providing a high-calorie, high-protein diet
o C. Ensuring strict hand hygiene and infection control
measures
o D. Allowing the child to choose their favorite toys from home
o Answer: C. Ensuring strict hand hygiene and infection
control measures
o Rationale: Children with ALL have a compromised immune
system, making them highly susceptible to infections. Strict
infection control is essential to protect the child from
potentially life-threatening infections.
2. The parents of a 6-month-old infant ask about introducing
solid foods. What should the nurse recommend as the best first
solid food?
o A. Pureed fruits
o B. Iron-fortified cereal
o C. Mashed vegetables
o D. Yogurt
o Answer: B. Iron-fortified cereal
, o Rationale: Iron-fortified cereals are recommended as the
first solid food because they provide essential nutrients,
including iron, which is important for the infant's
development.
3. A nurse is assessing a toddler who is being treated for
dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates effective
treatment?
o A. Dry mucous membranes
o B. Increased urinary output
o C. Lethargy
o D. Sunken fontanelle
o Answer: B. Increased urinary output
o Rationale: Increased urinary output indicates that the child
is rehydrated and the treatment for dehydration is effective.
4. A 10-year-old child with asthma is having difficulty using a
metered-dose inhaler (MDI). What is the best intervention to
help improve medication delivery?
o A. Administering oral medication instead
o B. Using a spacer with the MDI
o C. Switching to nebulizer treatments
o D. Teaching the child to hold their breath after inhalation
o Answer: B. Using a spacer with the MDI
o Rationale: A spacer helps improve the delivery of
medication to the lungs by allowing the child to inhale the
medication more effectively.
5. Which of the following should the nurse include in the plan of
care for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?
o A. Bed rest during exacerbations
o B. Encouraging passive range-of-motion exercises
o C. Applying cold packs to affected joints
o D. Administering NSAIDs as prescribed
o Answer: D. Administering NSAIDs as prescribed
, o Rationale: NSAIDs are commonly used to manage pain and
inflammation in children with JIA. Encouraging activity as
tolerated and using heat (not cold) can also be beneficial.
6. A school-age child with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with
symptoms of hypoglycemia. Which of the following should the
nurse do first?
o A. Administer glucagon IM
o B. Give the child a snack of 15 grams of carbohydrates
o C. Check the child's blood glucose level
o D. Notify the healthcare provider
o Answer: C. Check the child's blood glucose level
o Rationale: The first step is to confirm hypoglycemia by
checking the blood glucose level. Once confirmed,
appropriate treatment can be administered.
7. The parents of a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) ask about chest
physiotherapy (CPT). What is the nurse's best response?
o A. "CPT is only necessary when your child has a respiratory
infection."
o B. "CPT helps to loosen and clear mucus from your child's
lungs."
o C. "Your child can perform CPT independently once they turn
5."
o D. "CPT should be done once a week."
o Answer: B. "CPT helps to loosen and clear mucus from your
child's lungs."
o Rationale: CPT is a crucial part of managing CF, as it helps
clear mucus from the lungs, reducing the risk of infections
and improving respiratory function.
8. A 2-year-old child is brought to the clinic with suspected acute
otitis media. Which symptom is most indicative of this
condition?
o A. Diarrhea
o B. Ear tugging
, o C. Nasal congestion
o D. Sore throat
o Answer: B. Ear tugging
o Rationale: Ear tugging or pulling at the ear is a common sign
of acute otitis media in young children, indicating ear pain
and discomfort.
9. The nurse is educating a group of parents about preventing
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Which recommendation
should be included?
o A. Placing the infant on their stomach to sleep
o B. Using soft bedding and pillows in the crib
o C. Ensuring the infant sleeps in the parent's bed
o D. Placing the infant on their back to sleep
o Answer: D. Placing the infant on their back to sleep
o Rationale: Placing infants on their backs to sleep significantly
reduces the risk of SIDS. The use of firm bedding and
avoiding soft items in the crib are also recommended.
10. A teenager with a history of anorexia nervosa is admitted
to the hospital. What is the priority nursing intervention?
o A. Monitoring the client's food intake
o B. Encouraging the client to exercise
o C. Allowing the client to eat alone
o D. Restricting the client's fluid intake
o Answer: A. Monitoring the client's food intake
o Rationale: Monitoring food intake is crucial for patients with
anorexia nervosa to ensure they receive adequate nutrition
and to prevent further weight loss or medical complications.
11. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of
a child with a newly diagnosed seizure disorder. Which
information is most important to include?
o A. Restricting the child's physical activities
o B. Keeping a seizure diary
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