Epidermis (opperhuid)
o Zelf regenererend verhoornend plaveiselcelepitheel
o Beschermende laag van keratine
o Ondoorgankelijk voor water
Dermis (lederhuid)
o Fibrocollageneus & elastisch bindweefsel
o Bloedvaten, zenuwen & venen bevatten
Subcutis (onderhuids bindweefsel)
o Voornamelijk vetweefsel
o Grotere vaatstructuren
Huidadnexstructuren (haarfollikels, zweetklieren en talgklieren)
o Groeien in derm (embryologische ontwikkeling)
o Soms ook in oppervlakkige subcutis
Epidermis & dermis samen = cutis
Verschillen in dikte op verschillende plaatsen (tss 0,5 & 4 mm)
Oppervlak huid: epidermiskammen (patroon sterk afhankelijk) & bindweefselpapillen (in dermis)
1. Buitenste hoornlaag (stratum corneum)
a. Afgeplatte kernen, geen organellen & kern, gevuld door keratineproduct
b. Lossere samenhang (gevlochten partoon), nog samengehouden met
overblijfselen v desmosomen
c. Dikker & compacter in dikke huid
2. Stratum lucidum (ENKEL IN DIKKE HUID)
a. Dunne laag
b. Eosinofiele, afgeplatte keratinocyten (gn organellen & kernen, cytoplasma
= dens opeengepakt keratinemateriaal (keratinisatie & cytosysis)
3. Granulaire laag (stratum granulosum)
a. Steeds platter wordende cellen, laatste fase differentiatie in keratinisatieproces
b. Cytoplasma keratinocyten: basofiele keratohyaliene korrels (meer & groter
bovenaan)
i. Korrels = belangrijk voor aggregatie keratinefilamenten & keratine
c. Keratinevorming gepaard met cytolysis: bovenste cellen = kernen & cytoplasma
verliezen
d. Bovenste lagen = lamellaire korrels aanwezig (= keratinosomen)
i. Rol bij epidermale barrière (waterbarrière)
ii. Binnenin = glycolipiden
4. Stekellaag (stratum spinosum)
a. Dikste laag, verscheidene cellagen
b. Oppervlakkige cellen = plat & meer eosinofiel* (rood), suprabasale cellen = ronder
c. Geen celdeling
d. Kubische/polygonale keratinocyten > centrale kern, uitgesproken cytoplasma
e. Onderlinge verbinding: desmosomen & tonofibrillen
5. Basale laag (stratum basale)
a. Enkele rij cuboïdale/ columnaire cellen, grote ovale kernen, weinig cytoplasma
b. Grenzend aan dermis
c. Mitotische activiteit
d. Grote intermediaire keratinefilamenten
e. Onderlinge verbinding: desmosomen*
f. Rusten op basaal membraan
g. Tussen basale epitheelcellen: melanocyten
Meer eosinofiel*: toename tonofibrillen
Desmosoom*> glycoproteïnen & plaques (opgebouwd uit desmoplakines)
In cytoplasma keratinocyten: tonofibrillen binden op plaque
Stratum basale + stratum spinosum = laag van Malpighi
2
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