Organizational Behaviour Questions & Answers

Organizational Behaviour Questions & Answers Explain centralization and decentralization - ANSWER: Decentralization increases as companies grow Varying degrees of centralization in different areas of the company Explain subjective expected utility - ANSWER: Each choice has several different outcomes Each outcome has a certain probability of occurring if the choice is chosen as well as a utility (expected happiness) To calculate the expected utility for a choice, multiply each outcome's utility with its probability and add the results together Explain the communication process model - ANSWER: The sender forms a message and encodes it, transmits it to the receiver. The receiver receives encoded message and decodes it, forms feedback and encodes the feedback and then transmits it to the sender. The sender receives the feedback and decodes it. Meanwhile, noise interferes. How can you minimize political behaviour? - ANSWER: Introduce clear rules for scarce resources Effective organizational change practices Suppress norms that support or tolerate self-serving behaviour Leaders role model organizational citizenship Give employees more control over their work Keep employees informed How can you minimize social loafing? - ANSWER: Make individual performance more visible: Form smaller teams Measure individual performance Increase employee motivation: Increase job enrichment Select motivated employees How do people gain expert power? - ANSWER: By using their expertise to prevent, forecast and absorb uncertainty in the organization How does gender play into leadership? - ANSWER: Participative leadership style usually used more by female leaders Female leaders still receive more negative evaluations due to gender stereotypes How is communication considered in workspace design? - ANSWER: Open offices Clustering people in teams