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Autism Spectrum Disorders - Characteristics and Assessment questions and and answers
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Autism Spectrum Disorders -Characteristics and Assessment
According to the DSM-5 a child must show how many of the 4 types of restrictive/repetitive
patterns of behavior to be diagnosed with ASD? - correct answer-2 of the 4
According to the DSM-5, to be diagnosed with ASD, a child's impairments must: - correct
answer-1. Be present in early development
2. Cause impairment in social, occupational or other areas of functioning
3. Not be better explained by intellectual disability or global developmental delay
ASD symptoms may or may not include... - correct answer--Problems with using and
understanding language
-Difficulty relating to people, objects and events
-Unusual play with toys and other objects
-Difficulty with changes in routine or familiar surroundings
-Repetitive body movements or behavior patterns
-Difficulty regulating emotions
Autism Spectrum Disorder impairs a person's ability to... - correct answer-1. Interact with
others (social-emotional reciprocity)
2. Communicate verbally and non-verbally
3. Form relationships
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a _______________ disorder with a ______________ basis. -
correct answer-Psychiatric disorder with a neurological basis
Autism Spectrum Disorder is primarily a disorder of... - correct answer-Communication. Not
simply a language disorder.
Do children with autism sometimes have difficulty with phonological processing and
grammar? - correct answer-Yes
Facts about ASD - correct answer--Spectrum from mild to severe
-Pragmatic issues
-Difficulty with theory of mind
-Often co-morbidities, such as intellectual disability
-Occurs more in males
-Issues with inferencing
-Speech/language issues
-No medical detection or cure
-Fastest growing developmental disorder
-Often above normal in distinguishing small differences between stimuli
-Sensory processing difficulties
-Difficulties in selective attention, orienting and shifting attention
, -Able to express emotion and make attachments
How do the DSM-5 changes to ASD affect the field of speech-language pathology? - correct
answer--There is no longer any criteria related to delay or lack of development of spoken
language.
-Allows the clinician to specify whether ASD occurs with or without language impairment
How does the ADI-R work for assessing Autism? - correct answer--Structured interview
-Must be trained in use of this tool
-Aid to diagnosis, treat and educationally plan
-Used for children and adults over the age of 2
-Contains 93 items in 3 functional domains (language and communication, reciprocal social
interactions, restricted/repetitive/stereotyped behaviors and interests)
How does the CARS work for assessing Autism? - correct answer--Considered the gold
standard
-Used for children over 2 years of age
-Developmental scale relative to age peers
-Based on observation and parent interview
-High reliability and validity
-Must be trained in use of this tool
-List of items and rate each from 1-4
How does the CHAT work for assessing Autism? - correct answer--Screening test for
children ages 18-36 months
-Takes 5-10 mins to administer and score
-No training needed
-9 yes/no questions for parents
-Observation of 5 brief interactions between child and clinician
How does the PL-ADOS work for assessing Autism? - correct answer--Direct observation of
elicited behavior
-Must be trained in use of this tool
In what ways does a person with ASD have disordered behavior? - correct
answer--Repetitive behavior
-Narrow interests
-Rituals
In what ways does a person with ASD have disordered communication? - correct
answer--Inability to express communicative functions and engage in normal social behavior
-Range from mutism to sparse language to aberrant but sufficient verbal language
In what ways does a person with ASD have disordered pragmatics? - correct
answer--Inability to appreciate perspective of others (theory of mind)
-Speech not always directed at others
-Echolalia
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