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XI_Botany_New_Chap-03 Plant Kingdom (75 AR Items).
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Spread the Happiness. Assertion and Reason Statements Feedback: 9008271516XI_BOTANY_NEW_CHAPTER-03: PLANT KINGDOM _ A&R TEST ITEMS
# Correct Assertion Correct Reason
Introduction
Classification systems group living organisms based on This organization helps us understand relationships, diversity, and
1
shared characteristics. evolutionary history.
Whittaker's Five Kingdom classification is no longer Fungi and some Protista/Monera members were reclassified due to
2
used for Plantae. distinct evolutionary lineages.
Natural classification systems are preferred over They consider various characteristics, including internal features
3 artificial systems. and evolutionary relationships, leading to more accurate groupings.
Phylogenetic classification systems are based on They reflect the shared ancestry and diversification of organisms,
4 evolutionary relationships. providing a more robust understanding of their interconnectedness.
Various data sources are used in modern classification, This comprehensive approach helps resolve classification challenges
5 including morphology, anatomy, embryology, and and uncertainties, particularly for organisms lacking fossil evidence.
chemistry.
3.1 ALGAE
Algae are chlorophyll-bearing, simple, thalloid, These characteristics distinguish them from other life forms and
6
autotrophic, and mostly aquatic organisms. define their basic ecological niche.
Algae contribute to oxygen production through They are essential primary producers in aquatic ecosystems,
7
photosynthesis. supporting food webs and maintaining oxygen balance.
Algae have diverse applications, including food, Their valuable compounds contribute to various industries and
8
hydrocolloids, and agar production. human needs.
Algae reproduce through diverse methods: vegetative This reproductive versatility enables them to adapt to various
9 fragmentation, asexual spores, and sexual gamete environments and ensure population sustainability.
fusion.
Different algae groups (green, brown, red) have This diversity reflects adaptations to specific habitats and
10
distinct characteristics and ecological roles. contributes to the overall richness of aquatic ecosystems.
The study of algae is important for understanding Algae are sensitive indicators of water quality and play crucial roles
11 aquatic ecosystems and their response to in nutrient cycling and energy flow.
environmental changes.
Understanding algal diversity is essential for It allows for informed decisions about the use and protection of
12 sustainable resource management and conservation these valuable organisms and their habitats.
efforts.
3.1.1 Chlorophyceae; 3.1.2 Phaeophyceae; 3.1.3 Rhodophyceae
Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Rhodophyceae are Each class has unique characteristics, pigments, and reproductive
13
distinct classes of algae. strategies.
Chlorophyceae are green algae. They have chlorophyll a and b pigments, giving them a green color.
14
Phaeophyceae are brown algae. They have fucoxanthin pigment, which contributes to their brown
15
color.
Rhodophyceae are red algae. They have r-phycoerythrin pigment, which gives them their red
16
color.
Chlorophyceae have diverse chloroplast shapes. These include discoid, plate-like, reticulate, cup-shaped, spiral, and
17
ribbon-shaped forms.
18 Chlorophyceae have pyrenoids in their chloroplasts. These store protein and starch for energy reserves.
Phaeophyceae have a gelatinous coating of algin on This helps them prevent desiccation and provides buoyancy in
19
their cell walls. marine environments.
Rhodophyceae store floridean starch. This is a complex carbohydrate that helps them adapt to various
20
environments.
Chlorophyceae are mostly found in freshwater Their characteristics, like cellulose cell walls, are suited for
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environments. freshwater habitats.
Phaeophyceae are mostly found in marine Their characteristics, like algin coating and tolerance to salt, enable
22
environments. survival in marine environments.
Rhodophyceae are also mostly found in marine Their red pigment helps them absorb light in deeper waters, and
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environments. their body structure is adapted to marine conditions.
Different pigments of each class help them absorb light Chlorophyll works well in freshwater, fucoxanthin in marine
24
for photosynthesis in their respective habitats. environments, and r-phycoerythrin in deeper waters.
Structural adaptations, like the algin coating, help This provides protection, buoyancy, and other advantages.
25
algae survive in their specific environments.
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