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conformity types (compliance, identification and internalisation) and reasons for conformity (normative and informational social infleunce) essay plan
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Course
Social Influence
Institution
AQA
This document includes an essay plan grid for the subtopic conformity types (compliance, identification and internalisation) and reasons for conformity (normative and informational social infleunce) in the A level Psychology social influence topic
- Social influence - the Kelman (1958)
process by which our
thoughts, feelings and - Suggested that there are 3 ways in which people conform to the opinion of
behaviours are influenced the majority: compliance, identification, internalisation
by other people.
- Conformity - a change in a
person’s behaviour or
opinion based on real or
imagined pressure from a
person or group of people.
Compliance - Lowest level. One strength of NSI is that evidence supports it as an explanation of
- Change: public behaviour (actions) are changed, but not personal beliefs. conformity.
- Short term membership.
For example, when Asch interviewed his participants, some said they
- The dual process theory says that compliance happens due to ISI and NSI. conformed because they felt self-conscious giving the correct answer
and they were afraid of disapproval.
When participants wrote their answers down, conformity fell to
12.5%. This is because giving answers privately meant there was no
normative group pressure.
This shows that at least some conformity is due to a desire not to be
rejected.
Informational social influence - Concerned with being correct. One limitation is that NSI doesn’t predict conformity in every case.
(ISI) - What is right?
- Cognitive Some people are greatly concerned with being liked by others. Such
- Look to those who have better information - follow those who you think are people are called nAffiliators, they have a strong need for ‘affiliation’
doing the right thing because they have the correct information. (they want to relate to other people). Research has found that
- Occurs in new situations. students who were nAffiliators were more likely to conform.
This shows that NSI underlies conformity for some people more than it
does for others. These are individual differences in conformity that
cannot be fully explained by one general theory of situational
pressures.
Normative social influence - Concerned with being liked.
(NSI) - What is normal?
- Emotional
- Want to gain social approval.
- Want to know how to behave.
- Occurs around strangers.
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