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Darwin's Theory of Evolution
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Darwin's Theory of Evolution
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Darwin's Theory of EvolutionGeorges Cuvier-✔✔Recognised fossils represent extinct species and the
catastrophism theory
Catastrophism Theory-✔✔Extinct species died in catastrophes (like the
Biblical flood)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck-✔✔New species can develop and acknowledged
hereditary changed. Believed in heredity of acquired traits.
Alfred Russel Wallace-✔✔Came up with ‘natural selection’, independent of
Darwin
Charles Darwin-✔✔Changes in population are because of random
variation and natural selection
Lamarck’s Theory-✔✔Proposed giraffe ancestor lengthened its neck by
stretching to reach the trees and passed the change to offspring.
Darwin’s and Wallace’s Theory-✔✔There are individuals born who have a
longer neck because of genetic differences. They pass their trait onto the
next generation. Over many generations, the longer-necked individuals
have more success and pass on the long-neck trait to their offspring, and
so on.
Galapágos Islands Observations-✔✔Species are similar
Not identical to mainland species
Varied from island to island
Galapágos Islands Hypothesis-✔✔Island species descended from
mainland species, but undergone different changes over time
Descent with modification
Divergent species share a common ancestors, and the species have
diverged gradually over time
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