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Cardiology -portage learning pharmacology.
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Cardiology -portage learningpharmacology
What is blood pressure?
is the pressure exerted against the walls of blood vessels as blood circulates through the
body
How is blood pressure measured?
Blood pressure is measured through an instrument called a sphygmomanometer
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How is blood pressure taken
A blood pressure cuff is inflated in order to cut off the blood flow from the brachial artery.
Kortokoff sound
as the pressure in the cuff is released the first sound is kortokoff sound meaning there is no
longer enough pressure to keep all the blood flowing
What does the Korotkoff sound correspond to?
It corresponds to a numerical gauge on the sphygmomanometer and is called the systolic
value
What does the provider continue to do after the air is left out of the cuff
The sounds eventually disappear meaning that the brachial artery is now completely open
diastolic value
pressure when the heart is relaxing
Hypertension
Defined as the persistent systolic blood rpessure of greater than 150 mm/Hg and a diastolic
pressure greater than 90 mm/hg in patients 60 years of age or older
Hypertension for young patients or with diseases
For patients younger than 60 or with diseases it is defined as a systolic reading greater than
140mm/Hg and a diastolic greater than 90 mmHg
, Normotensive
Blood pressure <120/80
Prehypertensive
120-139/80-89
hypertensive
140/90 and above
stage 1
140-159/90-99
stage 2
>160/100
Essential hypertension
Is when the cause of the increased blood pressure is unknown
secondary hypertension
when a patient's elevated blood pressure is caused by another disease
orthostatic hypotension
is when a patient experiences a sudden drop in blood pressure when they change positions
(ie. going from a seated position to standing).
What is blood pressure determined by?
cardio output and Systemic Vascular Resistance
Cardio output
the amount of blood ejected from the heart's left ventricle
systemic vascular resistance
the resistance to blood flow
What is cardiac output determined by?
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