Summary
Summary CCC IBM1
- Course
- Institution
Summary of all the classes. Passed with this!
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
noaannajacobs
Reviews received
Content preview
CROSS CULTURAL COMMUNICATION: INTRODUCTION1. What is culture?
Culture
- Refers to habits (↔ one time phenomena)
- A characteristic of a social group (↔ individuals)
- Refers to learned aspects of social life (↔ biological or inherited traits)
→ culture is the software of the mind (and of the heart)
Culture is everywhere and nowhere
- Everywhere
● It affects people’s feelings, thoughts and actions on many levels and
occasions
● People give meaning to what they do, to their experiences
● Culture has to do with everything that is developed by people to organize their
lives and experiences
- Nowhere
● It does not exist in any specific or ‘real’ sense, it is something abstract
● Cultures are no actual ‘thing’ with clear borders that exclusively separate
groups of people and determine their behavior
Culture and groups
- Often culture is referring to groups based on nationality or ethnicity
- Nationality and ethnicity cn overlap but are not the same
- Culture is a characteristic of any human group
Culture and individuals
- People are automatically members of several cultural groups at the same time
- Multicollectivity
- Approaching people solely based on their national, ethnic or religious background
provides a very narrow basis for understanding
Culture as repertoire
- Culture provides their members with a repertoire of ideas, behaviors and symbols
● Knowledge
● Values
● Norms
● Language
● Heroes, traditions and rituals
1
,CROSS CULTURAL COMMUNICATION: DIVERSITY AND COMPETENCE
1. Implicit association test
Cognitive bias
- Having an idea about someone or something
- Ex: When you think of a firefighter, you think of a man
- Create ideal circumstances to diminish/eliminate bias
Implicit preference
- An (unconscious) preference for something that you think is best
- Ex: to hire a new employee, you take someone who went to the same university as
you
- They can predict behavior
- Are related to discrimination in hiring and promotion, medical treatment and decisions
related to criminal justice
2. Self reference criterion & attribution
Self reference criterion
- An unconscious reference to one’s own cultural values, experiences and knowledge
as. bias for decisions
- The frame of reference of the other person may be different, not taking this difference
into account may lead to costly business decisions
Attribution
- Attributing a meaning, ascribing an interpretation to what people around you say and
do
- Misinterpreting the correct meaning/intention = attribution mistake
- The danger of those mistakes are higher between individuals who are more different
from each other
- Relying on your SRC can lead to painful attribution errors
3. The culture shock
Commonly experienced by travelers, expats and exchange students. It describes the impact
of moving from a familiar culture to an unfamiliar one.
4 fases: culture shock
- Honeymoon
- Culture shock
- Adjustment
- Integration
Culture shock differs according to different kinds of people (different adaptation profiles)
- Experienced travelers
- People who are very able to learn culture
- People who are not very able to learn culture
2
, 4. Diversity competence
Thinking about our definition of culture and multicollectivity:
- Any activity could be considered intercultural
- Differences and misunderstandings can be caused by personal, psychological,
economic or technological (rather than cultural) reasons
- Intercultural misunderstandings = the difference that lead to an experience of
strangeness
Diversity competence
- The ability to transform an experience of strangeness as a consequence of an
unfamiliar difference into normality (familiarity), which allows people to pursue their
interaction goals
Building intercultural or diversity competence
- Very individual
- No magic skill which is a guarantee to success
- An extension of general social, personal and professional skills
- Built upon an open attitude and upon an interest on learning to know more about the
other (culture)
→ attitude + skills + knowledge
Curious attitude or conservative attitude
- Curious
● Try new things
● Accept that things don’t go as planned
● Improvise
- Conservative
● Prefer routine
● Stay within comfort zone
● Strangeness is seen as a threat
4 phases of learning competency
- Awareness
- Knowledge and understanding
- Skills application
- Mastery
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller noaannajacobs. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.41. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
83637 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now