Antidepressants Questions and Answers Already Passed **What categories do antidepressants fall into?** ✔✔ Tricyclic an tidepressants (TCA), Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), and Serotonin -norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI). **How long before antidepressants start working effectively?** ✔✔ Typically, they start working in 2 -3 weeks, with full effects often seen in 6 -8 weeks. **What is the action mechanism of TCAs?** ✔✔ TCAs inhibit the reuptake of noradrenaline and serotonin, thus increasing their availability in the brain. **What is a s ignificant risk associated with tricyclic antidepressants?** ✔✔ One major risk is that an overdose can be potentially lethal. **What are the usual side effects of TCAs?** ✔✔ Side effects commonly include postural hypotension, anticholinergic effects, increased heart rate, elevated risk of cardiac death, low blood pressure, and sedation. **What are TCAs commonly used to treat?** ✔✔ TCAs are used for depression, neuropathic pain relief, and treating bedwetting (imipramine). **When should TCAs not be used?** ✔✔ They are contraindicated in psychoses, seizure disorders, urinary retention, cardiac conditions, renal disease, glaucoma, and during pregnancy and breastfeeding. **What are some symptoms of TCA overdose?** ✔✔ Overdose can lead to excitement , delirium, convulsions, confusion, mania, cardiac arrhythmias, and sudden death from ventricular fibrillation. **How do MAOIs work?** ✔✔ MAOIs increase levels of noradrenaline and serotonin by inhibiting their metabolism. **What side effects are assoc iated with MAOIs?** ✔✔
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