Samenvatting Socialezekerheidsrecht
Inhoudsopgave
Samenvatting Socialezekerheidsrecht............................................................................................................ 1
Hoorcollege 1 – Historische ontwikkeling van het socialezekerheidsrecht.......................................................5
Grondrechtelijke basis..........................................................................................................................................5
Functie sociale zekerheid......................................................................................................................................6
Overheidsverantwoordelijkheid...........................................................................................................................6
Systeem van de sociale zekerheid........................................................................................................................6
Zelfredzaamheid vs. verzorgingsstaat: ontwikkeling...........................................................................................7
Begin/halverwege 19e eeuw............................................................................................................................7
Einde 19e eeuw................................................................................................................................................7
Einde 19e eeuw/begin 20e eeuw......................................................................................................................7
Periode na WO II..............................................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkelingen vanaf circa 1980.....................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkelingen vanaf circa 1990.....................................................................................................................9
Sociale zekerheid en de toekomst.................................................................................................................10
Opdracht........................................................................................................................................................11
Hoorcollege 2 – Personele werkingssfeer..................................................................................................... 13
Algemeen: wie is rechthebbende?.....................................................................................................................13
Belanghebbende in de zin van de participatiewet.............................................................................................14
Belanghebbende in de zin van de werknemersverzekeringen...........................................................................15
Stappenplan belanghebbende werknemersverzekeringen................................................................................15
Stap 1: is er sprake van een werknemer (privaatrechtelijke/publiekrechtelijke dienstbetrekking).............15
Verschil oordeel CRvB en HR over privaatrechtelijke dienstbetrekking.......................................................17
Stap 2: de gelijkgestelde/fictieve dienstbetrekking......................................................................................18
Stap 3: uitzonderingen...................................................................................................................................20
Schematische weergave stappenplan...........................................................................................................20
Zelfstandige........................................................................................................................................................20
Directeur-grootaandeelhouder (dga).................................................................................................................22
Werkcollege 1 – Kortdurende ziekte............................................................................................................. 26
Voorwaarden - recht op loonbetaling................................................................................................................26
Vaststelling van recht op loonbetaling..............................................................................................................26
Hoogte van te betalen loon................................................................................................................................27
Duur van loonbetalingsplicht.............................................................................................................................28
Geen recht op loondoorbetaling (stopzetten van loon).....................................................................................28
Opschorting van loondoorbetaling....................................................................................................................29
Loonbetalingsplicht na twee jaar ziekte............................................................................................................29
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................30
Beoordeling UWV recht op uitkering na 2 jaar ziekte met loondoorbetaling..............................................31
Vangnet-Ziektewet.............................................................................................................................................31
1
, Voorwaarden voor recht op ziekengeld.............................................................................................................32
Uitbetaling van ziekengeld.................................................................................................................................33
Hoogte van ziekengeld.......................................................................................................................................34
Duur van ziekengeld...........................................................................................................................................35
Zwangerschap en bevalling................................................................................................................................35
Zelfstandige vrouwen....................................................................................................................................36
Vaderschapsverlof.........................................................................................................................................36
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................36
Ziekmelding....................................................................................................................................................36
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................37
Medewerkingsplicht......................................................................................................................................37
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................37
Eigenrisicodragen ZW........................................................................................................................................38
Werkcollege 2 – Langdurige ziekte............................................................................................................... 40
Inleiding Wet WIA en Wet Wajong....................................................................................................................40
Voorwaarden voor recht op IVA- of WGA-uitkering (Wet WIA)........................................................................40
Uitkering voor volledig en duurzaam arbeidsongeschikten (IVA)......................................................................44
Uitkering voor WGA-gerechtigden.....................................................................................................................45
Loongerelateerde uitkering...........................................................................................................................45
Loonaanvullingsuitkering...............................................................................................................................46
Vervolguitkering............................................................................................................................................47
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................48
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................48
Medewerkingsverplichtingen........................................................................................................................48
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................48
Uitvoering...........................................................................................................................................................49
Financiering: publieke stelsel.............................................................................................................................50
Eigenrisicodragerschap WGA.............................................................................................................................50
Hybride stelsel....................................................................................................................................................52
Premiedifferentiatie...........................................................................................................................................52
Basispremie....................................................................................................................................................52
Gedifferentieerde premie..............................................................................................................................52
Werkcollege 4 & 5 – (verwijtbare) werkloosheid..........................................................................................53
Transitievergoeding...........................................................................................................................................54
Werkloosheidswet – ontstaansvoorwaarden....................................................................................................54
Hoogte van WW-uitkering.................................................................................................................................56
Inkomensverrekening....................................................................................................................................57
Duur van WW-uitkering.....................................................................................................................................58
Geldend maken WW (art. 22 e.v. WW)..............................................................................................................59
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................59
Verwijtbaar werkloos worden............................................................................................................................59
A-grond..........................................................................................................................................................60
B-grond..........................................................................................................................................................61
2
, Verwijtbaar werkloos blijven (passend werk aanvaarden)................................................................................62
Sollicitatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................62
Faillissementsuitkering.......................................................................................................................................64
Regeling calamiteiten WW.................................................................................................................................65
Uitvoering en financiering..................................................................................................................................65
Werkcollege 5 – Bijstand en grondrechten................................................................................................... 66
Voorwaarden - recht op bijstand.......................................................................................................................66
Algemene bijstand..............................................................................................................................................67
Bijzondere bijstand.............................................................................................................................................70
Algemeen stramien........................................................................................................................................70
Toeslagen.......................................................................................................................................................70
Vormen van bijstand..........................................................................................................................................71
Bijstandsuitkering..........................................................................................................................................71
Geldlening of borgtocht.................................................................................................................................71
Bijstand in natura...........................................................................................................................................71
Regels voor zelfstandigen..................................................................................................................................71
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................72
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................72
Medewerkingsplicht......................................................................................................................................72
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................73
Werken met behoud van uitkering.....................................................................................................................76
Opschorting, herziening, intrekking en terugvordering van de uitkering..........................................................77
Verhaal...............................................................................................................................................................78
Uitvoering en financiering..................................................................................................................................78
Uitvoering......................................................................................................................................................78
Financiering....................................................................................................................................................78
TW, IOAW, IOAZ en IOW....................................................................................................................................78
1Awir..................................................................................................................................................................79
Re-integratievoorzieningen UWV.......................................................................................................................80
Scholing..........................................................................................................................................................80
Arbeidsplaatsvoorzieningen..........................................................................................................................81
Werkvoorzieningen voor moeilijk bemiddelbaren........................................................................................81
No-riskpolis....................................................................................................................................................81
Proefplaatsing................................................................................................................................................82
Loonkostenvoordeel (LKV).............................................................................................................................82
Gemeentelijke re-integratievoorzieningen........................................................................................................82
Aanspraak op ondersteuning.........................................................................................................................82
Arbeidsbemiddeling.......................................................................................................................................83
Re-integratievoorzieningen Pw..........................................................................................................................83
Loonkostensubsidie.......................................................................................................................................83
Werkvoorzieningen voor moeilijk bemiddelbaren........................................................................................84
Banenregime voor ‘arbeidsbeperkten’...............................................................................................................84
Banenafspraak...............................................................................................................................................84
Quotumregeling.............................................................................................................................................85
Hoorcollege 3 – Socialezekerheidsrecht in de praktijk...................................................................................86
3
, Wet- en regelgeving...........................................................................................................................................86
Wet Verbetering Poortwachter..........................................................................................................................86
Regeling Procesgang eerste en tweede ziektejaar............................................................................................86
Passende arbeid, Werkwijzer.............................................................................................................................87
Spoor 2...............................................................................................................................................................87
1e en 2e spoor naast elkaar.................................................................................................................................87
Wet WIA.............................................................................................................................................................88
Opdracht..................................................................................................................................................... 95
Hoorcollege 4 – Europese coördinatie........................................................................................................ 100
Personele werkingssfeer...................................................................................................................................100
Materiële werkingssfeer...................................................................................................................................100
Belangrijkste technieken..................................................................................................................................100
1. Gelijke behandeling naar nationaliteit....................................................................................................100
2. Doorbreking van exportverboden...........................................................................................................101
3. Gelijkstellen van feiten, gebeurtenissen en inkomsten in een andere lidstaat......................................101
4. Wetgeving van slechts één lidstaat van toepassing................................................................................101
5. Samentelling van tijdvakken....................................................................................................................102
6. Non-cumulatie van uitkeringen...............................................................................................................103
Prestaties bij ziekte en moederschap...............................................................................................................103
Prestaties bij invaliditeit...................................................................................................................................105
Prestaties bij ouderdom...................................................................................................................................106
Werkloosheidsuitkeringen................................................................................................................................106
Aantekeningen hoorcollege 4..........................................................................................................................108
4
Inhoudsopgave
Samenvatting Socialezekerheidsrecht............................................................................................................ 1
Hoorcollege 1 – Historische ontwikkeling van het socialezekerheidsrecht.......................................................5
Grondrechtelijke basis..........................................................................................................................................5
Functie sociale zekerheid......................................................................................................................................6
Overheidsverantwoordelijkheid...........................................................................................................................6
Systeem van de sociale zekerheid........................................................................................................................6
Zelfredzaamheid vs. verzorgingsstaat: ontwikkeling...........................................................................................7
Begin/halverwege 19e eeuw............................................................................................................................7
Einde 19e eeuw................................................................................................................................................7
Einde 19e eeuw/begin 20e eeuw......................................................................................................................7
Periode na WO II..............................................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkelingen vanaf circa 1980.....................................................................................................................8
Ontwikkelingen vanaf circa 1990.....................................................................................................................9
Sociale zekerheid en de toekomst.................................................................................................................10
Opdracht........................................................................................................................................................11
Hoorcollege 2 – Personele werkingssfeer..................................................................................................... 13
Algemeen: wie is rechthebbende?.....................................................................................................................13
Belanghebbende in de zin van de participatiewet.............................................................................................14
Belanghebbende in de zin van de werknemersverzekeringen...........................................................................15
Stappenplan belanghebbende werknemersverzekeringen................................................................................15
Stap 1: is er sprake van een werknemer (privaatrechtelijke/publiekrechtelijke dienstbetrekking).............15
Verschil oordeel CRvB en HR over privaatrechtelijke dienstbetrekking.......................................................17
Stap 2: de gelijkgestelde/fictieve dienstbetrekking......................................................................................18
Stap 3: uitzonderingen...................................................................................................................................20
Schematische weergave stappenplan...........................................................................................................20
Zelfstandige........................................................................................................................................................20
Directeur-grootaandeelhouder (dga).................................................................................................................22
Werkcollege 1 – Kortdurende ziekte............................................................................................................. 26
Voorwaarden - recht op loonbetaling................................................................................................................26
Vaststelling van recht op loonbetaling..............................................................................................................26
Hoogte van te betalen loon................................................................................................................................27
Duur van loonbetalingsplicht.............................................................................................................................28
Geen recht op loondoorbetaling (stopzetten van loon).....................................................................................28
Opschorting van loondoorbetaling....................................................................................................................29
Loonbetalingsplicht na twee jaar ziekte............................................................................................................29
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................30
Beoordeling UWV recht op uitkering na 2 jaar ziekte met loondoorbetaling..............................................31
Vangnet-Ziektewet.............................................................................................................................................31
1
, Voorwaarden voor recht op ziekengeld.............................................................................................................32
Uitbetaling van ziekengeld.................................................................................................................................33
Hoogte van ziekengeld.......................................................................................................................................34
Duur van ziekengeld...........................................................................................................................................35
Zwangerschap en bevalling................................................................................................................................35
Zelfstandige vrouwen....................................................................................................................................36
Vaderschapsverlof.........................................................................................................................................36
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................36
Ziekmelding....................................................................................................................................................36
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................37
Medewerkingsplicht......................................................................................................................................37
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................37
Eigenrisicodragen ZW........................................................................................................................................38
Werkcollege 2 – Langdurige ziekte............................................................................................................... 40
Inleiding Wet WIA en Wet Wajong....................................................................................................................40
Voorwaarden voor recht op IVA- of WGA-uitkering (Wet WIA)........................................................................40
Uitkering voor volledig en duurzaam arbeidsongeschikten (IVA)......................................................................44
Uitkering voor WGA-gerechtigden.....................................................................................................................45
Loongerelateerde uitkering...........................................................................................................................45
Loonaanvullingsuitkering...............................................................................................................................46
Vervolguitkering............................................................................................................................................47
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................48
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................48
Medewerkingsverplichtingen........................................................................................................................48
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................48
Uitvoering...........................................................................................................................................................49
Financiering: publieke stelsel.............................................................................................................................50
Eigenrisicodragerschap WGA.............................................................................................................................50
Hybride stelsel....................................................................................................................................................52
Premiedifferentiatie...........................................................................................................................................52
Basispremie....................................................................................................................................................52
Gedifferentieerde premie..............................................................................................................................52
Werkcollege 4 & 5 – (verwijtbare) werkloosheid..........................................................................................53
Transitievergoeding...........................................................................................................................................54
Werkloosheidswet – ontstaansvoorwaarden....................................................................................................54
Hoogte van WW-uitkering.................................................................................................................................56
Inkomensverrekening....................................................................................................................................57
Duur van WW-uitkering.....................................................................................................................................58
Geldend maken WW (art. 22 e.v. WW)..............................................................................................................59
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................59
Verwijtbaar werkloos worden............................................................................................................................59
A-grond..........................................................................................................................................................60
B-grond..........................................................................................................................................................61
2
, Verwijtbaar werkloos blijven (passend werk aanvaarden)................................................................................62
Sollicitatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................62
Faillissementsuitkering.......................................................................................................................................64
Regeling calamiteiten WW.................................................................................................................................65
Uitvoering en financiering..................................................................................................................................65
Werkcollege 5 – Bijstand en grondrechten................................................................................................... 66
Voorwaarden - recht op bijstand.......................................................................................................................66
Algemene bijstand..............................................................................................................................................67
Bijzondere bijstand.............................................................................................................................................70
Algemeen stramien........................................................................................................................................70
Toeslagen.......................................................................................................................................................70
Vormen van bijstand..........................................................................................................................................71
Bijstandsuitkering..........................................................................................................................................71
Geldlening of borgtocht.................................................................................................................................71
Bijstand in natura...........................................................................................................................................71
Regels voor zelfstandigen..................................................................................................................................71
Verplichtingen en sancties.................................................................................................................................72
Informatieplicht.............................................................................................................................................72
Medewerkingsplicht......................................................................................................................................72
Arbeidsverplichtingen....................................................................................................................................73
Werken met behoud van uitkering.....................................................................................................................76
Opschorting, herziening, intrekking en terugvordering van de uitkering..........................................................77
Verhaal...............................................................................................................................................................78
Uitvoering en financiering..................................................................................................................................78
Uitvoering......................................................................................................................................................78
Financiering....................................................................................................................................................78
TW, IOAW, IOAZ en IOW....................................................................................................................................78
1Awir..................................................................................................................................................................79
Re-integratievoorzieningen UWV.......................................................................................................................80
Scholing..........................................................................................................................................................80
Arbeidsplaatsvoorzieningen..........................................................................................................................81
Werkvoorzieningen voor moeilijk bemiddelbaren........................................................................................81
No-riskpolis....................................................................................................................................................81
Proefplaatsing................................................................................................................................................82
Loonkostenvoordeel (LKV).............................................................................................................................82
Gemeentelijke re-integratievoorzieningen........................................................................................................82
Aanspraak op ondersteuning.........................................................................................................................82
Arbeidsbemiddeling.......................................................................................................................................83
Re-integratievoorzieningen Pw..........................................................................................................................83
Loonkostensubsidie.......................................................................................................................................83
Werkvoorzieningen voor moeilijk bemiddelbaren........................................................................................84
Banenregime voor ‘arbeidsbeperkten’...............................................................................................................84
Banenafspraak...............................................................................................................................................84
Quotumregeling.............................................................................................................................................85
Hoorcollege 3 – Socialezekerheidsrecht in de praktijk...................................................................................86
3
, Wet- en regelgeving...........................................................................................................................................86
Wet Verbetering Poortwachter..........................................................................................................................86
Regeling Procesgang eerste en tweede ziektejaar............................................................................................86
Passende arbeid, Werkwijzer.............................................................................................................................87
Spoor 2...............................................................................................................................................................87
1e en 2e spoor naast elkaar.................................................................................................................................87
Wet WIA.............................................................................................................................................................88
Opdracht..................................................................................................................................................... 95
Hoorcollege 4 – Europese coördinatie........................................................................................................ 100
Personele werkingssfeer...................................................................................................................................100
Materiële werkingssfeer...................................................................................................................................100
Belangrijkste technieken..................................................................................................................................100
1. Gelijke behandeling naar nationaliteit....................................................................................................100
2. Doorbreking van exportverboden...........................................................................................................101
3. Gelijkstellen van feiten, gebeurtenissen en inkomsten in een andere lidstaat......................................101
4. Wetgeving van slechts één lidstaat van toepassing................................................................................101
5. Samentelling van tijdvakken....................................................................................................................102
6. Non-cumulatie van uitkeringen...............................................................................................................103
Prestaties bij ziekte en moederschap...............................................................................................................103
Prestaties bij invaliditeit...................................................................................................................................105
Prestaties bij ouderdom...................................................................................................................................106
Werkloosheidsuitkeringen................................................................................................................................106
Aantekeningen hoorcollege 4..........................................................................................................................108
4
