2. Archaeans | have | on Earth | existed | any other organism | longer
than.
3. Why | archaeans | are | interested | in studying | paleontologists?
4. What | say | on primitive Earth | science | about the conditions |
does?
5. Survival | in the evolution of | in extreme conditions | resulted | un
usual metabolic | has | processes.
6. Researchers | are | in finding out | organisms | how | at extreme tem-
peratures | interested | can live.
7. Enzymes | within a cell | are | for all the metabolic | required | proc-
esses.
8. A prehistoric mosquito | be used | in amber | trapped | can | for DNA
analysis.
11. Translate into English.
Хорошо известно разнообразие живой природы. Невидимые глазом
бактерии вовлекают в круговорот веществ громадные количества
минералов. В капле воды, взятой из водоема, обнаруживается масса
различных одноклеточных организмов. В донном иле, в почве, в
глубине вод, в лесах, степях и океанских простоpax, на дне глубоких
океанских впадин обитают самые разнообразные организмы, раз-
личающиеся по форме, размерам, подвижности, поведению, типу
питания (способам добывания пищи) и многим другим признакам.
Working with texts
12. Read and translate the text.
Te x t 1
Systematics
A. To study the diverse life forms that share our planet and to effectively
communicate our findings, we need to organize our knowledge of them.
The scientific study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary
relationships is called systematics. An important aspect of systematics is
Taxonomy, the science of naming, describing, and classifying organisms.
The term “classification” means ordering organisms into groups based on
their similarities or relationships.
B. Different methods of classification have been used throughout history.
Animals, for example, were classified by St. Augustine in the 4th century
as useful, harmful and superfluous to humans. During the Renaissance
scholars began to develop categories based more on the characteristics of
the organisms themselves. These categories were arranged roughly in order
from simple to complex organisms.
11
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