Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of
Organization
Nervous tissue-✔✔ is also excitable, allowing the propagation of
electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate
between different regions of the body.
Epithelial tissue-✔✔ also referred to as epithelium, refers to the sheets of
cells that cover exterior surfaces of the body, lines internal cavities and
passageways, and forms certain glands.
Connective tissue-✔✔ as its name implies, binds the cells and organs of
the body together and functions in the protection, support, and integration
of all parts of the body.
Muscle tissue-✔✔ is excitable, responding to stimulation and contracting
to provide movement.
totipotent-✔✔ meaning each has the capacity to divide, differentiate, and
develop into a new organism.
ectoderm-✔✔ (ecto-= “outer”)
mesoderm-✔✔ (meso- = “middle”)
endoderm-✔✔ (endo- = “inner”)
tissue membrane-✔✔ is a thin layer or sheet of cells that covers the
outside of the body (for example, skin), the organs (for example,
pericardium), internal passageways that lead to the exterior of the body (for
example, abdominal mesenteries), and the lining of the moveable joint
cavities.
connective tissue membrane-✔✔ is formed solely from connective tissue.
, synovial membrane-✔✔ is a type of connective tissue membrane that lines
the cavity of a freely movable joint.
epithelial membrane-✔✔ is composed of epithelium attached to a layer of
connective tissue, for example, your skin.
mucous membrane-✔✔ is also a composite of connective and epithelial
tissues.
lamina propria-✔✔ (literally “own layer”), helps support the fragile epithelial
layer.
serous membrane-✔✔ is an epithelial membrane composed of
mesodermally derived epithelium called the mesothelium that is supported
by connective tissue.
cutaneous membrane-✔✔ The skin is an epithelial membrane also called
the
cell junction-✔✔ Adjoining cells form a specialized intercellular connection
between their cell membranes called a
basal lamina-✔✔ a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an
attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective
tissue.
reticular lamina-✔✔ which is secreted by the underlying connective tissue,
forming a basement membrane that helps hold it all together.
tight junction-✔✔ which separates the cells into apical and basal
compartments.
anchoring junction-✔✔ includes several types of cell junctions that help
stabilize epithelial tissues.
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