In-depth notes and coverage of the Operating System. Notes on virtualisation, concurrency, difference between user and kernel modes. Types of processing and their creation/termination (serial and batch), multiprogramming, kernel architecture, program execution, FDE cycle, how I/O works, interrupt h...
Operating Systems (COM1032)
https://bibliu.com/app/#/view/books/9781119320913/epub/OPS/ftoc.html#page_2
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(Operating System Concepts Book)
https://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/~matloff/unix.html
(Unix and Linux)
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/operating-systems/?ref=gcse
(Operating Systems Notes)
1) What is an Operating System? An operating system (OS) is system software that
manages computer hardware, software resources,
and provides common services for computer
programs.
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks
for efficient use of the system and may also
include accounting software for cost allocation of
processor time, mass storage, printing, and other
resources.
For hardware functions such as input and output
and memory allocation, the operating system acts
as an intermediary between programs and the
computer hardware, although the application
code is usually executed directly by the hardware
and frequently makes system calls to an OS
function or is interrupted by it.
,2) What is an Operating System An operating environment or integrated
Environment? applications environment is the environment in
which users run application software. The
environment consists of a user interface provided
by an applications manager and usually an
application programming interface (API) to the
applications manager.
3) What is the User Experience?
4) What are the 3 main concepts behind an
Operating System?
,5) What is serial processing? Serial processing means strictly sequential,
without overlap of the successive processing times
on objects or distinct subsystems. In a standard
type of serial system, each object takes the same
average amount of time to process and the next
object begins processing only when the previous
one is completed.
6) What is simple batch processing? Batch processing is the method computers use to
periodically complete high-volume, repetitive
data jobs. Certain data processing tasks, such as
backups, filtering, and sorting, can be compute
intensive and inefficient to run on individual data
transactions.
, 7) What features protect the Operating Memory protection for monitor:
System? • Hardware features for controlling user
programs in their behaviour of accessing memory
– disallow access to the memory area of the
monitor
Privileged Instructions:
• Can only be executed by the monitor.
Timer:
• Set time limits for activities, prevents a job from
monopolising a system
Interrupts:
• CPU reacts to interrupts: interrupts the
execution of the current program and executes an
interrupt handling routine
• Interrupts give OS more flexibility in
controlling user programs, allows I/O devices to
communicate with CPU (interrupts as a
communication means between hardware
components).
Memory protection:
• User program is allowed to alter only specific
areas of memory
• Separation of memory in operating system and
user-specific areas
• Hardware detects such an error and aborts a job
Privileged Instructions:
• Certain instructions only the operating system
is allowed to execute
• E.g.: I/O instructions – a user program must
relinquish control to the operating system
• Hardware detects such an error and aborts a job
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