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Samenvatting Lipiden

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Samenvatting over lipiden

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  • H5
  • August 16, 2019
  • 8
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary

1  review

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By: quentindesmet1 • 3 year ago

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Lipiden
= substanties die oplosbaar zijn in organische solventen maar meestal niet in water
 Oliën (vloeibaar)
 Vet (vast op kamertemp)
In voeding vnl triglyceriden
Anderen:
- Cholesterol : essentiele vetstof die het lichaam gebruikt om cellen, hormonen, vit D
en galzuren te maken
- Fosoflipiden: bouwstenen van celmembramen
- Fytosterolen: in celmembramen van planten
- Vetoplosbare vit: A,D,E,K
- Hormonen: vetten zijn bouwstoffen voor hormonen
- Coenzyme Q10: vetoplosbare, vit achtige stof die in alle menselijke en dierlijke cellen
voorkomt, belangrijke rol in enegieproductie vd cellen

Indeling kan op basis van oorsprong, fysische kenmerken, chemische samenstelling, rol

Glyceriden en vetzuren
Acylglycerolen = esters van glycerol met vetzuur
1 vetzuur: monoglyceriden
2 vetzuren: diglyceriden
3 vetzuren: tryglyceriden
Voeding: TG en C12-C18

Structuur:
C,H en O
 onvertakte koolwaterstofketens, even aantal koolstofatomen
Op einde methylgroep (hydrofoob) en carboxylgroep (hydrofiel)
CH3- (CH2)n- COOH

Vz hebben verschillende karakteristieken, bepaald door :
- Ketenlengte
- Graad van verzadiging mt waterstof
I. Indeling volgens ketenlengte
 bepaalt oplosbaarheid en absorptie
- Vetzuren met korte keten (KKT) C 2-4
Komen beperkt voor in voeding: azijnzuur, boterzuur
Productie door fermentatie van vdv
Zorgen voor gezonde darmwand, pos effect op bloeddruk en immuunsysteem
- Vetzuren met middellange keten (MKT) C 6-12
= mediumchaintriglyceriden (MCT)
In kokosvet
Minder complexe vertering, opname en transport dan LKT
Dieetproducten op basis van MKT voor mensne met bep stofwisselingsziekten of
problemen met verwerking van LKT

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