Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) - ANS-vaginal bleeding, painless but abnormal in
amount, duration or time. Is often caused by a hormonal imbalance between estrogen &
progesterone, stess, extreme weight changes, contraceptives, IUD, perimenopausal
status
Risk factors for DUB - ANS-stress, extreme weight changes, use of oral contraceptive
agents or IUDs, and perimenopausal status. DUB is usually related to hormonal
imbalances or pelvic neoplasms (benign or malignant). may occur in early to late
adulthood.
Amenorrhea - ANS-the absence of menses.
*Primary amenorrhea=16yo or 14yo absence of menarche. caused by structural
abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, polycystic ovary disease, or imperforate hymen
(complete coverage of vagina opening), anorexia nervosa, bulimia, excessive athletic
training.
*Secondary amenorrhea= menarche occured but ceases for at least 6mos. caused by
anorexia nervosa, bulimia, excessive athletic activity, large weight loss, ovarian tumors,
breastfeeding, menopause.
Oligomenorrhea - ANS-scant menses related to hormonal imbalances (emotional
upsets and stress) & contraceptive devices.
Menorrhagia - ANS-excessive or prolonged menses.may result from thyroid disorders,
endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, functional ovarian cysts, uterine
fibroids,polyps, clotting disorders, & anticoagulant meds. can lead to hemorrhage,
excessive blood loss, fatigue & anemia.
Metrorrhagia - ANS-Bleeding in-between menses. irregular and prolonged. may be
caused by hormonal imbalances, pelvic inflammatory disease, cervical or uterine
polyps, uterine fibroids, or cervical or uterine cancer.
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