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Portage Learning A&P 1 Module 3

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Portage Learning A&P 1 Module 3 What are the two main groups of digestive system? 1. alimentary canal 2. accessory digestive organs What is the alimentary canal? Continuous muscular digestive tube that runs from the mouth to the anus What are parts of the alimentary canal? mouth, pha...

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  • June 27, 2024
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  • 2023/2024
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Portage Learning A&P 1 Module 3
What are the two main groups of digestive system?
1. alimentary canal
2. accessory digestive organs


What is the alimentary canal?
Continuous muscular digestive tube that runs from the mouth to the anus


What are parts of the alimentary canal?
mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus


What are the accessory organs of the digestive system?
teeth, tongue, gall bladder, salivary glands, liver, pancreas


The mouth is made of what structures?
Lips (opening)
tongue (floor)
cheeks (walls)
hard and soft palate (roof)
Uvula (posterior border)


What is the lingual frenulum?
Fold of mucous membrane that secures the tongue to the floor of the mouth


What are the tongues attachment points?
hyoid bone
mandible
lingual frenulum


What is mastication?
mechanical process of breaking down food with teeth


what is amalyse?
Enzyme secreted by salivary glands that breaks down starches


How many teeth are in the human mouth?
32


What is the purpose of each tooth?
incisor = biting
canine = tearing
premolar = grinding
flat molar = crushing


Three main parts of the teeth

, Root - the largest portion of the teeth
Neck- portion contained in upper portion of gingiva
Crown- visible portion of tooth above gum line


What is Dentin?
bone like substance of the tooth


What is Enamel?
hard connective tissue which protects rest of the tooth


What is the purpose of the tongue?
grips food and constantly repositions between teeth as well as pushes bolus to pharynx


What types of papillae contain taste buds?
circumvallate, fungiform


Where are taste buds found?
tongue, surface of mouth, wall of pharynx


What is purpose of pharynx
throat connects the mouth to the esophagus


purpose of two skeletal muscles in pharynx?
circumferential (outer layer) longitudinal (inner layer)
contract alternatively causing peristalsis, squeezing food to esophagus


What is the purpose of esophagus?
transports food from the mouth to the stomach


What is name of sphincter that separates esophagus and stomach?
cardiac


Four layers of the alimentary canal
mucosa- secretes mucus to move bolus
submucosa- contains blood, lymph nodes, and nerve endings
muscularus externa- muscles that contract and move bolus through GI tract
serosa- makes serous fluid to keep GI tract lubricated


Layers of muscularus externa
Inner- circumferential
Outer- longitudinal
Oblique- only in stomach, helps intensify peristalsis for stomach digestion


What is the purpose of the stomach?

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