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BME 5850 Lecture 1-6 Questions with 100% correct answers | verified | latest update 2024
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BME 5850 Lecture 1-6 Questions with 100% correct answers | verified | latest update 2024
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BME5850
Lecture
1-6
Adherens
junction
-
ANS-Interact
in
a
*homotypic
*manner
*Cadherin*
type
cell-cell
adhesion
process
-Cadherins
are
found
in
stretchy
tissues
Attached
to
actin
cytoskeleton
and
catenins
Adhesive
Proteins
What
are
the
domains?
-
ANS-Fibronectin
(also
laminin,
vitronectin,
thrombospondin,
etc.)
Fibronectin
is
very
common,
multidomain
glycoprotein
Multiple
domains
of
fibronectin:
*cell*
binding
domain
via
integrins,
*collagen*
binding,
*heparin*
binding
Adult
Stem
Cells
vs
ESC
-
ANS-Adult
stem
cells
are
found
in
fully
developed
organism
Multipotent
Long
appreciated
(HSC,
intestine,
MSC)
Lots
of
recent
focus
on
MSC
Alternative
to
ESC
How
to
make
iPS?
What
are
the
four
transcription
factors?
-
ANS-Adult
Stem
Cells
iPs
-Reverse
engineering
by
expressing
four
transcriptions
factors
(*Oct4*,
*sox2*,
*Klf4*,
*c-Myc*)
Takes
1
month
to
get
a
single
colony
of
stem
cells,
0.1%
become
actual
stem
cells
Need
to
fed
everyday
and
cannot
passage,
have
to
do
it
manually
and
can't
use
antibiotics
Approaches
to
scaffold-guided
tissue
regeneration
Conduction
vs
Induction
vs
Transplanted
-
ANS-Conduction:
Scaffold
acts
as
a
barrier
to
only
allow
desirable
cells
into
the
site Induction:
Scaffold
with
bioactive
molecule
that
binds
wanted
cells
to
the
site
to
promote
integration
Cell
Transplantation:
Cells
are
encapsulated
in
a
scaffold
Approaches
to
Tissue
engineering
-
ANS-Cell
based:
transplanting
healthy
cells
to
the
affected
site
Scaffold-guided:
Temporary
ECM
where
implanted
cells
develop
into
'normal'
tissue
Bio-active
molecule
based:
Delivery
of
growth
factors
and
cytokines
important
to
inducing
growth
and
differentiation
of
cell;
Typically
used
in
combination
with
other
approaches
Cell
adhesion
sequence
of
fibronecting
-
ANS-RGD:
Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic
Acid
Makes
more
cells
attach
if
surfaces
are
treated
with
RGD
Cell
Cycle
-
ANS-Interphase
-S
Phase:
DNA
Synthesis
takes
place
~8
hours
-Gap
phase
G1:
cell
growth
and
control
of
environment
G2:
cell
growth
(2-3
hours)
G0
quiescent
phase
Mitosis
(M
phase
~1
hour)
-nuclear
division
and
cytoplasmic
division
Cell
death:
Apoptosis
vs
necrosis
-
ANS-Apoptosis
is
controlled,
doesn't
spill
proteins
Apoptosis:
Single
cells,
cell
shrinkage,
membrnae
integrity
maintained,
DNA
cleavage,
apoptotic
bodies,
activation
of
proteases,
ingested
by
macrophages
Necrosis:
Sheets
of
cells
die,
cells
swell,
membrane
integrity
lost,
no
dna
cleavage
or
apoptotic
bodies
or
protease
activation,
ingested
by
macrophages
Cell
Fates
-
ANS-Proliferation
Differentiation
Death
Cell
Isolation
via
Chemical
Dissocation
-
ANS-Calcium
Chelation
-Perfuse
tissue
with
*Ca
chelator*
(*citrate,
EDTA*)
-Mechanically
break-down
tissue
and
release
the
cells
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