Summary Grade 12 Business Studies Prelim/Final P1 - 2024
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Course
Business Studies
Institution
12th Grade
Grade 12 Business Studies Prelim/Final P1
Topics
Section A: Short questions p. 2
Section B: Business Environment
1. Influences on business environments p. 5
2. Challenges/ adaptations of the business environments p. 9
3. Business sectors p. 25
Section C: Business Operations
1. Quality man...
Previous exam papers were used to compile these notes. SACAI NOV 2021, DBE/November 2022 &
DBE/November 2021, SACAI SEP 2021, NSC SEP 2022, GDE SEP 2021, EC/SEPTEMBER 2023.
These are only suggested answers from the memorandums. Some information is repeated, I want to
show you the different ways the same information is asked.
I encourage you to answer the calculation/illustration questions without even looking at the answers.
Good luck. Juffrou Ansie
Topics
Section A: Short questions p. 2
Section B: Business Environment
1. Influences on business environments p. 5
2. Challenges/ adaptations of the business environments p. 9
3. Business sectors p. 25
Section C: Business Operations
1. Quality management p. 27
2. Human resource function p. 31
Section D: Long Questions p. 39 - 57
@Juffrou_ Ansie
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Annual General Meeting A meeting of a company attended by all the shareholders that takes
(AGM) place once a year.
BBSEB Rating - Broad-Based BBSEB rating measures a business's compliance with BBSEB and a
Black Economic certificate is issued to the business stating their BBSEB rating. BBSEB
Empowerment Act scorecards measure a business' compliance/adherence to BBSEB and a
certificate is issued to the business stating their BBSEB rating
Curriculum Vitae (CV) Curriculum Vitae (CV), skills, previous occupations and special
personality traits of an individual used when applying for a job
National Credit Regulator National Credit Regulator (NCR) the regulatory body that applies the
(NCR) NCA, educates consumers about their rights, ensures compliance with
the NCA and monitors and administers the credit industry
National Credit Act (NCA) This Act prevents credit being recklessly granted to consumers.
NPC - National Consumer NVC the primary regulator of consumer-business interactions in South
Commission Africa and was established to promote and ensure the economic
welfare of consumers
WVB - The Consumer The WVB obliges both businesses and consumers to act responsibly
Protection Act when carrying out business activities.
Labour Relations Act (LAA) The LRA is an enabling framework that regulates the relationship
between employees and employers and promotes good relations
between trade unions and employers' organisations.
Skills Development Act The Skills Development Act (No. 97 of 1998), WVO was introduced to
COIDA develop the skills of people in South Africa.
Employment Equity Act The EEA creates an enabling framework of acceptable employment
(EQA) practices and was primarily promulgated/enacted to promote
affirmative action.
The Basic Conditions of The WBDV sets out the minimum conditions that ensure fair labour
Employment Act (BACE) practices and human resource practices in the workplace.
@Juffrou_ Ansie
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PESTLE analysis PESTLE analysis: a business analysis tool used to identify and evaluate
the factors in the external environment (macro environment) that can
affect the business.
Sectoral Education and SETAs is a vocational skills training organization in South Africa that
Training Authorities (SETAs) identifies/describes/manages and creates traineeships, internships and
apprenticeships within their jurisdiction
Porter's Five Forces model Porter's Five Forces model based on the rationale that five forces
determine/influence the competitive strength/position of the business
within the market/industry.
Social Responsibility Index Provides for the measurement of SRI compliance of companies helping
(SRI) managers to improve their SRI performance. It is an index used by the
JSE to inform investors about the corporate sustainability policies and
practices of businesses.
Corporate Social Investment Corporate Social Investment (CSI) the investment of corporate
(CSI) funds/other assets for the core purpose of achieving social outcomes.
Corporate Social Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) how the business manages its
Responsibility (CSR) processes, including time and effort, to positively influence all the
stakeholders of the business
Total Quality Management Total Quality Management (TQM) an integrated
(TQM) system/methodology/process applied throughout the organization,
which helps to design/produce/provide quality products and services
to customers.
WFIS (Centre for Financial WFIS/FICA South Africa's primary anti-money laundering and anti-
Intelligence Act )/FICA terrorist financing legislation.
SSGB Analysis (SWOT) An industry analysis tool/environmental scanning technique that
enables a business to study the internal (micro) and external (market
and macro) environments of a business.
Commission for This regulatory body decides on matters related to labour disputes that
Conciliation, Mediation and cannot be resolved by the CAMBA.
Arbitration (CCMA)
Strategy An action plan to achieve a specific future goal
@Juffrou_ Ansie
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Backward vertical Charlie's Cheese Factory took over a dairy farm. This is an example of
backward vertical integration.
Business sectors the different categories of business enterprises based on the type of
business/production activity carried out.
Tertiary sector provide final products and services to customers.
Secondary sector focus on the production/processing/conversion/transformation of
natural resources/raw materials into semi-final/final products.
Primary sector extract/exploit/gather/harvest natural resources/ raw materials from
the earth.
Services An action/performance of intangible activities offered by one party to
another
Degree of control The degree of control the business has over the specific business
environment
Macro environment External uncontrollable factors/forces outside the business.
Market environment Components/elements/factors immediately outside the business.
Microenvironment The business itself, characterized by all the processes/functions/factors
within the business.
Business environments and degree of control (NNS 2022)
The kind of intensive strategy used by THO in the scenario above = Market Development
Intensive strategies – Market penetration
Types of intensive strategies(SACAI 2021, NNS 2022 & DBE 2021)
Market Penetration Market development Product development
▪ Businesses focus on selling ▪ It's a growth strategy, with which ▪ It's a growth strategy where
existing products in existing businesses attempt to sell their businesses attempt to introduce
markets to increase their existing products in new markets. new products into an existing
market share. ▪ Businesses target consumers in a market.
▪ Businesses use market potential market that falls outside ▪ Businesses develop new
research on current of its usual target market. ideas/new products/services.
customers to decide how to ▪ Increase in sales of existing ▪ Businesses conduct test
improve their marketing products through the marketing/market research to
mix. development of new markets. determine whether new
▪ Aggressive marketing ▪ Restructure pricing policies to products will be accepted by
campaigns, such as cater for customers in all income existing customers.
lowering/reducing prices levels. ▪ New products may be
are used to attract potential different/of better quality than
customers/existing clients. those of competitors.
▪ Use an intensive marketing
campaign to increase
awareness and customer
loyalty.
▪ Hire more sales staff to
improve sales service.
Advantages of intensive strategies EC/SEPTEMBER 2023
@Juffrou_ Ansie
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↘ Increase in sales/income/profitability as a result of a variety of advertising campaigns.
↘ Regular sales to existing customers can increase.
↘ Gain customer loyalty through effective promotional campaigns.
↘ Improved service delivery can have a positive impact on sales/increase sales.
↘ Eliminate competitors and dominate market prices.
Case study (SACAI 2021 & Similar in DBE 2021):
SARAH BAKERY (SB)
Sarah Bakery produces fresh cupcakes. Her employees do not provide good service. She lost most of
her customers to Flower Bakeries. SB had to replace some of the stolen equipment due to the high
crime rate in their area.
CHALLENGES BUSINESS DEGREE OF
ENVIRONMENT CONTROL
Employees do not provide good Micro Full control
customer service.
Relinquished most of her Market Limited control/little
customers to Flower Bakery. influence
Stolen equipment replaced due Makro No control
to the high crime rate in their
area
Yuki Manufacturers specializes in the production of yogurt and wants to expand their activities.
YV merged with Melkplaas, their supplier of milk. They need to evaluate whether this strategy
has been successful.
Type of integration strategy in the scenario= Backward integration/Backward vertical integration
The steps a business should follow when evaluating a strategy. (NNS 2022& EC/SEPTEMBER 2023)
I. Examine the underlying basis of a business strategy.
II. Look forward and backward in the implementation process.
@Juffrou_ Ansie
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