Summary UK politics & government: structure, role & powers of the executive
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Course
Unit 2 - Governing the UK
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
detailed notes on the area of the specification that covers the structure, role & powers of the executive, inc. the PM, cabinet, ministers & govt departments. this is for the Edexcel spec for paper 2 but can also be useful for AQA paper 1.
3.1 the structure, role & powers of the executive –
Structure:
Prime minister –
Head of the executive & holds final decision-making power.
Expected to lead the executive by determining govt policy & making
decisions on major national issues.
Cabinet –
Formed from PM & senior ministers of the govt, appointed by PM.
Senior ministers lead govt departments & consult the PM on
formulating policy.
Cabinet meets weekly to discuss key govt issues.
Currently 22 in Sunak’s govt, including Jeremy Hunt Chancellor of
the Exchequer & David Cameron Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs.
Junior ministers –
Appointed by PM & have responsibilities within specific
departments.
Have specific roles under cabinet ministers, who are heads of the
govt departments & report to them.
Government department –
Has responsibility for an area of policy which the executive pursues.
Govt depts are run by a secretary of state & include ministers & civil
servants.
Civil servant – permanent staff members within govt who support
current govt in carrying out its policies.
Roles:
Legislation proposals –
Executive proposes legislation to be passed in parliament.
Sets out its legislative agenda. This includes the policies in its
election manifesto.
- Govt depts. Develop legislation proposals & cabinet ministers
agree on which legislation they want as part of its legislative
programme.
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