Porth Essentials Of Pathophysiology Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers Graded A+
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Course
Pathophysiology
Institution
Pathophysiology
Porth Essentials Of Pathophysiology Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers
A client is managing his diabetes with exercise and diet. The health care provider reviews the client's most recent lab results: fasting blood sugar level at 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Select the response that b...
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Porth Essentials Of Pathophysiology Exam
Questions With 100% Correct Answers
A client is managing his diabetes with exercise and diet. The health care provider reviews the client's
most recent lab results: fasting blood sugar level at 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Select the
response that best identifies the client.
The client is achieving normal glycemic control.
A patient is managing his type 2 diabetes with exercise and diet. He has a fasting blood sugar level
(FBS) of 80 mg/dL and a hemoglobin A1C of 5%. Based on these findings, which of the following can
the nurse assume?
The patient is achieving normal glycemic control.
When educating a patient about glargine (Lantus), the nurse should explain that this medication:
Has a prolonged absorption rate and provides a relatively constant concentration for 12-24 hours.
The nurse has just completed teaching a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes about rapid-
acting insulin. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the client selects:
Lispro
The nurse is reviewing assessment data on four clients. Select the client at highest risk for developing
type 2 diabetes.
A 45-year-old obese female with a sedentary lifestyle
The obstetrical nurse is caring for a client who has been treated for gestational diabetes. When
teaching the client about the causes of gestational diabetes, the nurse should include which of these
risk factors in the teaching?
Woman with a family history of diabetes
The nurse and nursing student are caring for a client undergoing a severe stressor with release of
epinephrine into the bloodstream. Which of these effects on blood glucose levels does the nurse
teach the student epinephrine will cause?
Blood glucose will elevate.
A patient with diabetes asks the nurse for advice in controlling between-meal blood glucose levels.
Which of the following might the nurse suggest as a long-acting insulin to provide a consistent basal
level?
Glargine (Lantus)
Which of the following clients would be considered to be exhibiting manifestations of "prediabetes"?
A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with follow-up OGTT of 189
mg/dL.
Type 2 diabetes is caused by metabolic abnormalities in the presence of insulin. What are these
metabolic abnormalities? (Select all that apply.)
• Deranged secretion of insulin
• Insulin resistance
• Increased glucose production by the liver
, The nurse is teaching a client with diabetes and the family about the signs and symptoms of
hypoglycemia. The client asks what produces signs and symptoms of headache, disturbed behavior,
coma, and seizures. The best response would be:
The brain relies on blood glucose as its main energy source.
What are the hallmark signs of diabetes mellitus?
Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus wishes to stop taking insulin injections. What option is
appropriate?
Using an insulin infusion pump
Select the most appropriate intervention for the nurse to teach a client diagnosed with distal
symmetric neuropathy related to diabetes.
Inspect the feet for blisters daily
.
The critical care nurse has just admitted a client with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) whose blood glucose
level is 877 mg/dL. The client's breath has a fruity odor and the client is confused. Which of these
does the nurse set as the priority at this time?
Administration of intravenous fluids
A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been instructed about managing his condition with diet.
The nurse determines further teaching is necessary when the client states:
"I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and breads."
Which of the following criteria about insulin would prompt a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes?
Complete failure of insulin secretion
During periods of fasting and starvation, the glucocorticoid and other corticosteroid hormones are
critical for survival because of their stimulation of gluconeogenesis by the liver. When the
glucocorticoid hormones remain elevated for extended periods of time, what can occur?
Hyperglycemia
Type 1A diabetes is now considered an autoimmune disorder. What factors are considered necessary
for type 1A diabetes to occur?
Genetic predisposition, environmental triggering event, and a T-lymphocyte-mediated
hypersensitivity reaction against some beta-cell antigen
.
A woman in her 28th week of pregnancy tests positive for gestational diabetes mellitus and begins to
follow a nutritional plan at home. What result at the follow-up visit indicates a successful outcome?
Random blood glucose 85 mg/dl
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