Class notes
Ch 4 Carbons of its compound for class 10
- Course
- Institution
Provide a best notes of class It was really help you Please send a feedback Thank you
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
kingfa07
Content preview
, FARHAN ALICarbon and its Compounds
The atomic number of carbon: 6
Carbon achieves stability with 4 electrons in its outermost
shell. While it could gain four electrons to form a carbon
anion, removing electrons poses challenges due to the
substantial energy requirement. Gaining or losing electrons
influences the formation of bonds in chemical compounds.
# To solve this issue, carbon shares its outer electrons
with other carbon or different atoms. This sharing helps both atoms
reach a stable configuration, similar to noble gases. This sharing is
called covalent bonding.
EXAMPLES OF COVALENT BONDING:
# Formation of Hydrogen Molecule:
"The hydrogen molecule (H2) forms when two hydrogen atoms come close
together. Each hydrogen atom shares its electron with the other, creating
a covalent bond. This sharing completes their outer electron shells, making
the molecule stable. The chemical equation for this process is H+H→H2
(H----H)
*Single Covalent Bond
# Formation of chlorine Molecule (Cl2):
Chlorine gas (Cl2) forms when two chlorine atoms combine. Each chlorine
atom contributes one electron, creating a covalent bond. This shared
electron pair satisfies the octet rule, making the molecule stable. The
chemical equation is Cl+Cl→Cl2
(Cl----Cl)
*Single covalent Bond
, FARHAN ALI
# Formation of Oxygen Molecule (O2)
Two oxygen atoms combine to form an oxygen molecule (O2). The
chemical equation is 2O→O2 showing that two oxygen atoms come
together to create one oxygen molecule.
(O===O)
*Double covalent Bond
# Formation of Nitrogen Molecule (N2)
Two nitrogen atoms combine to form a nitrogen molecule (N2). The
chemical equation is N+N→N2 indicating that two nitrogen atoms come
together to create one nitrogen molecule.
*Triple covalent Bond
# Formation of Methane (CH4) :
Methane CH4 forms when one carbon atom combines with four hydrogen
atoms. The chemical equation for this is C+4H→CH4 indicating the
combination of carbon and hydrogen to produce methane.
Methane, or marsh gas, is a vital fuel used in CNG and Biogas. It not only
serves as a potent energy source but also participates in reactions
forming essential compounds like (Ammonia NH3),(Water H2O), and
(Carbon Dioxide CO2) This versatility underscores its significance in
both energy and environmental contexts.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kingfa07. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now