HNF 150 - water and minerals
Acid-base balance - ✅✅-equilibrium between acid and base concentrations
in the body fluids
Adequate intake for men vs. women - ✅✅-men need more, women need
less than men
anemia - ✅✅ -the condition of inadequate or impaired red blood cells; a
reduced number of volume of red blood cells along with too little hemoglobin
in the blood
bone density - ✅✅-a measure of bone strength, the degree of mineralization
of the bone matrix
Calc. deficiency: - ✅✅ -stunted growth and weak bones in children, bone
loss (osteoporosis) in adults
Calc. Function: Most abundant mineral in the body - ✅✅ --Nerve
transmission
-blood pressure
-blood clotting
-muscle contraction and heartbeat
• 99% of calcium in the body is stored in the bones and teeth
Calc. Sources: - ✅✅ -dairy products, dark green leafy veggies, waffles,
fortified cereals, some tofu, sardines, legumes
Compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled water - ✅✅ -BOTTLED-
disinfection is NOT required, confirmed e coli is NOT banned, filtering of
pathogens is NOT required, and testing for bacteria is done hundreds 1/week
✅✅
Compare the safety regulations of tap and bottled water -
-TAP-disinfection IS required, confirmed e coli IS banned, filtering of
pathogens IS required, and testing for bacteria is done hundreds
HUNDREDS/month
Cretinism -✅✅ -condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that
results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the
thyroid gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed
, dehydration -✅✅-dryness resulting from the removal of water.
Describe the calc. paradox: - ✅✅--US has the highest consumption of calc.
in the world and the highest rate of osteoporosis
-Africa has the lowest calc. consumption in the world and the lowest rate of
osteoporisis in the world
• More protein you eat the more you lose calc in urine
• More protein you take in the higher the bone mineral density is... so protein
also builds your bones
• Weight bearing exercise maintains our bones
Describe the Major Functions of Water - ✅✅-A. carries nutrients throughout
the body
B. cleanses tissues and blood
C. solvent
D. chemical reactions
E. lubricant around joints
F. shock absorber
G. body temperature
Diuretics -✅✅-Causing increased passing of urine. (caffeine, alcohol)
electrolytes - ✅✅-mineral salts that are dissolved in h2o and they be come
electrically charged
Fluid and electrolyte balance - ✅✅ -maintenance of the proper amounts and
kinds of fluids and minerals in each compartment of the body
Fluoride Deficiency: - ✅✅ -too little causes dental caries, too much can
cause fluorosis (discoloration of teeth)- irreversible
✅✅-inhibits dental caries
Fluoride function: -
Fluoride Sources: - ✅✅-toothpaste, tap water
Fluorosis - ✅✅-• irreversible
• to prevent fluorosis, young children should not swallow toothpaste
Goiter - ✅✅-enlargement of the thyroid gland
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