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PSB 4004 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and answers .
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PSB 4004 Exam 1 Study Guide_____ is credited with the discovery of neurons along with the help of
✅✅
______ and his potassium dichromate and silver nitrate stain. -
-Santiago Ramon y Cajal; Camillo Golgi
✅✅
A brain region that controls vital functions such as heart rate, breathing,
and vomiting is the - -medulla
A brain region that relays visual information is the - ✅✅-superior
colliculi
A good analogy for the frontal neuroanatomical plane is a - ✅✅-hot
dog bun
✅✅
A junction between the terminal button of an axon and the membrane of
another neuron is called - -Synapse
✅✅
A person who cannot see objects but can accurately reach for them
while remaining unconscious of perceiving them has - -blind sight
✅✅
A scientist examining the effects of cortisol on brain function in human
alcoholics would most likely be studying - -Neuroendocrinology
✅✅
A split-brain patient is able to correctly identify an item they smelled with
their left nostril because - -odor traveled ipsilaterally to left side of
brain (communication abilities)
A type of glial cell that supplies nutrients to neurons - ✅✅-astrocytes
A- - ✅✅-stays inside the cell only
✅✅
According to lecture, which of the following are NOT considered ligands?
- -Receptors
Advantages of Humans - ✅✅ --follow directions
-report subjective experience
-less expensive
,-human brain
Advantages of Nonhuman Subjects - ✅✅-- simpler nervous system
- comparative approach
- fewer ethical constraints
All-or-none law - ✅✅ -once an action potential is triggered in an axon, it
is propagated without decrement to the end of the fiber
✅✅-toward the nose
anterior -
Antidromic - ✅✅-- backwards
astrocytes - ✅✅-Provide structural and metabolic support for neurons.
Autonomic Nervous System - ✅✅-the part of the peripheral nervous
system that regulates the body's internal environment
axon - ✅✅ -very long, thin cylindrical process that conveys information
from the soma of a neuron to its terminal button
axon hillock -✅✅-the junction between cell body and axon
basal ganglia - ✅✅-a collection of subcortical nuclei
- performance of voluntary motor responses and decision making
✅✅
Before a study can begin, scientists conducting research with rodents as
subjects must have their protocol approved by - -IACUC
Biopsychology - ✅✅-the scientific study of the biology of behavior
✅✅
Biopsychology uses ______ techniques to study behavior -
-biological
Bipolar neurons - ✅✅-A neuron with one axonand one dendrite
attachedto its soma.
, Blindsight -✅✅ -- the ability of a person who cannot see objects in his
or her blind field to accurately reach for them while remaining
unconscious of perceiving them
- caused by damage to the "mammalian" visual system of the brain
Blood brain barrier - ✅✅-mechanism impedes the passage of many
toxic substances from the blood into the brain
Cable properties - ✅✅ -The passive conduction of electrical current, in
a decremental fashion, down the length of an axon
Cartesian Dualism - ✅✅ -- Rene Descartes
- dualism viewed the mind and brain as separate
- argued the universe is composed of only 2 elements
-> physical matter
-> human mind
caudal -✅✅-toward the tail
Central Nervous System - ✅✅-the divisions of the nervous system
located within the skull and spine
Cerebral aquaduct -✅✅-connects the third and fourth ventricles
Cerebral cortex - ✅✅-the outermost layer of grey matter of the cerebral
hemispheres
- gryus: a convolution of the cortex of the cerebral hemispheres
seperated by sulci or fissures
- sulcus: a groove in the surface of the cerebral hemisphere, smaller
than a fissure
- fissure; a major groove in the surface of the brain, larger than a sulcus
Cerebrospinal fluid - ✅✅-the fluid in and around the brain and spinal
cord
Choroid plexuses - ✅✅ -networks of capillaries that protrude into the
ventricles from the pia meter
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