Exam (elaborations)
ANSC 333 Exam 1 Questions & answers
- Course
- Institution
ANSC 333 Exam 1 Questions & answers
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
EXAMQA
Reviews received
Content preview
ANSC 333 Exam 1theriogenology - ANS-study of animal reproduction
obstetrics - ANS-branch of human & veterinary medicine that deals with the female
during pregnancy, parturition, and puerperium
puerperium - ANS-postpartum
andrology - ANS-branch of human & veterinary medicine that deals with reproductive
physiology of the male
gynecology - ANS-branch of human medicine that deals with reproductive physiology of
the female
types of signaling - ANS-autocrine, paracrine, neurocrine, endocrine, exocrine
autocrine (signaling) - ANS-molecule released signals the same cell
paracrine (signaling) - ANS-molecule signals nearby cells
neurocrine (signaling) - ANS-between neuron & synapse
endocrine (signaling) - ANS-through blood, to peripheral organ
exocrine (signaling) - ANS--through ducts, secreted by epithelial cells (skin & urine)
-act at a distance; pheromones
hormone - ANS-substance produced by one or more glands that is transported by the
blood to exert a specific effect upon another organ
endocrinology - ANS-branch of biology that studies hormones including their source,
targets, regulation, and impact
hormone classified by - ANS-chemical, receptor type, source
5 chemical classes of hormones - ANS-peptide/protein, glycoprotein, steroid,
eiconsanoid, amine
,peptide & protein hormones created from - ANS-amino acids using a genomic blueprint
peptide hormones - ANS--very small
-made up of only few amino acid residues
-neuroendocrine
-typically exist in form of a linear chain
-often derived from longer precursor sequences
-ex. oxytocin (9AA), GnRH (10 AA)
protein hormones - ANS--made up of longer sequences of amino acids
-typically have complex secondary structure
-prolactin (198 AA)
-single aa change can change shape & function
glycoprotein hormones - ANS--made up of two protein subunits (heterodimer)
-universal alpha chain, unique beta chain (receptor specificity), and linked by
non-covalent bonds
-modified through glycosylation
-ex: LH, FSH, eCH/hCG, inhibin, activin
-large so long half life (kidney struggles to remove)
-very expensive to make
relaxin - ANS--intermediate between protein & glycoprotein hormone
-heterodimer of 2 protein sequences
-both subunits are relatively short (24 & 29 AA)
-subunits have secondary structure
-joined by covalent linkage
-not subject to glycosylation
steroid hormones - ANS--common structure
-derived from cholesterol
-why anorexic animals have abnormal reproduction (too little cholesterol)
-ex. estradiol, progesterone, testosterone
steroid hormone pathway - ANS--enzymes interconvert them
-cortisol is a stress marker
-aldosterone controls sodium and water levels
estrogen hormones - ANS-estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3)
, estrogen prefixes - ANS--xeno (not native)
-phyto (made by plants)
-myco (made by fungi)
progesterone hormones - ANS--progesterone (only natural one)
-progestogen (class of steroid hormone that binds to the receptor, similar to "xeno")
-progestin (synthetic steroid derivative, birth control)
testosterone hormones - ANS--testosterone
-androgens (control male development & maintenance)
-anabolic steroids (androgens, promotes muscle development)
eicosanoid - ANS--derived from arachidonic acid (polyunsaturated FA)
-vasoconstriction & dilation)
-production & interconversion is regulated by enzymes
-ex. prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2alpha), NSAIDS
arachidonic pathway - ANS--linked to non-reproductive processes (immune function,
clotting, and vascular control)
amine hormones - ANS--derived from AAs (tryptophan and tyrosine)
-byproduct
-tiny
-chemically universal (no bio variance)
-ex. melatonin
grouping receptor by type - ANS--receptors are proteins
-whether hormone binds extracellularly or intracellularly
-abundance & fit matters
-group 1 & 2
group 1 hormone action - ANS--hormones can cross cell and nuclear membrane &
interact with receptors in nucleus
-alter gene expression directly
-steroid hormones
-travel through blood w/ conj. protein that makes them more hydrophilic
-prolonged but slow to start effect
group 2 hormone action - ANS--hormones bind to cell surface receptors
-binding of the receptor induces a signal cascade
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EXAMQA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
79789 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now