Exam (elaborations)

WGU C952 questions with complete solutions

0 purchase

Course
WGU C173

Institution
WGU C173

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 22 pages

View example

Uploaded on July 1, 2024
Number of pages 22
Written in 2023/2024
Type Exam (elaborations)
Contains Questions & answers

wgu c952 questions with complete solutions registe

LectDan

Member since 2 year 184 documents sold

$10.99

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

WGU C952 questions with complete solutions
Register File
A state element that consists of a set of registers that can be read and written by supplying a register
number to be accessed.

provides 1024 scalar 32-bit registers for up to 64 threads.

machine language
The language made up of binary-coded instructions that is used directly by the computer

system software
The set of programs that enables a computer's hardware devices and application software to work
together; it includes the operating system and utility programs.

operating system
(computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide
various services

Assembly Language
Programming language that has the same structure and set of commands as machine languages but
allows programmers to use symbolic representations of numeric machine code.

IBM 360/91
Introduced many new concepts, including dynamic detection of memory hazards, generalized
forwarding, and reservation stations. Tomasulo's algorithm

The internal organization of the 360/91 shares many features with the Pentium III and Pentium 4, as
well as with several other microprocessors. One major difference was that there was no branch
prediction in the 360/91 and hence no speculation. Another major difference was that there was no
commit unit, so once the instructions finished execution, they updated the registers.

Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM)
Memory built as an integrated circuit; it provides random access to any location. Access times are 50
nanoseconds and cost per gigabyte in 2012 was $5 to $10.

Multiple DRAMs are used together to contain the instructions and data of a program. In contrast to
sequential access memories, such as magnetic tapes, the RAM portion of the term DRAM means that
memory accesses take basically the same amount of time no matter what portion of the memory is
read.

Modern DRAMS consist of rows in each bank

frame buffering
A portion of RAM containing a bitmap that drives a video display. It is a memory buffer containing a
complete frame of data.

The image to be represented onscreen is stored in the frame buffer, and the bit pattern per pixel is
read out to the graphics display at the refresh rate. The animation below shows a frame buffer with a
simplified design of just 4 bits per pixel.

,Datapath
The component of the processor that performs arithmetic operations

Control
The component of the processor that commands the datapath, memory, and I/O devices according to
the instructions of the program.

Integrated circuit
Also called a chip. A device combining dozens to millions of transistors.

Central processor unit (CPU)
Also called processor. The active part of the computer, which contains the datapath and control and
which adds numbers, tests numbers, signals I/O devices to activate, and so on.

Static random access memory (SRAM)
Also memory built as an integrated circuit, but faster and less dense than DRAM.

Instruction set architecture
Also called architecture. An abstract interface between the hardware and the lowest-level software
that encompasses all the information necessary to write a machine language program that will run
correctly, including instructions, registers, memory access, I/O, and so on.

Application binary interface (ABI)
The user portion of the instruction set plus the operating system interfaces used by application
programmers. It defines a standard for binary portability across computers.

Volatile memory
Storage, such as DRAM, that retains data only if it is receiving power.

Nonvolatile Memory
A form of memory that retains data even in the absence of a power source and that is used to store
programs between runs. A DVD disk is nonvolatile.

Magnetic disk
Also called hard disk. A form of nonvolatile secondary memory composed of rotating platters coated
with a magnetic recording material. Because they are rotating mechanical devices, access times are
about 5 to 20 milliseconds and cost per gigabyte in 2012 was $0.05 to $0.10

Main memory
Also called primary memory. Memory used to hold programs while they are running; typically consists
of DRAM in today's computers.

Secondary memory

, Nonvolatile memory used to store programs and data between runs; typically consists of flash
memory in PMDs and magnetic disks in servers.

Flash memory
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory. It is cheaper and slower than DRAM but more expensive per bit
and faster than magnetic disks. Access times are about 5 to 50 microseconds and cost per gigabyte in
2012 was $0.75 to $1.00.

Single Instruction Single Data (SISD)
A uniprocessor

Multiple Instruction Multiple Data (MIMD)
A multiprocessor.

Single Program, Multiple Data Streams (SPMD)
The conventional MIMD programming model, where a single program runs across all processors.

Single Instruction Stream, Multiple Data Streams (SIMD)
The same instruction is applied to many data streams, as in a vector processor.

Data-level parallelism
Parallelism achieved by performing the same operation on independent data

LEGv8
assembly instructions

multimedia extensions (MMX)
An expanded set of instructions supported by a processor that provides multimedia-specific functions.

data hazard (pipeline data hazard)
When a planned instruction cannot execute in the proper clock cycle because data that is needed to
execute the instruction are not yet available.

forwarding (bypassing)
A method of resolving a data hazard by retrieving the missing data element from internal buffers
rather than waiting for it to arrive from programmer-visible registers or memory

Structural hazard
When a planned instruction cannot execute in the proper clock cycle because the hardware does not
support the combination of instructions that are set to execute.

Pipelining
Technique that allows the CPU to work on more than one instruction at a time

Formula

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LectDan. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $10.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

68175 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling

Exam (elaborations)

WGU C952 questions with complete solutions

Document information

Subjects

Written for

Seller

Reviews received

Content preview