Unit 2F.2 - South Africa, 1948-94: from apartheid state to -rainbow nation'
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50+ essay plans for Edxecel A-Level history- 2F South Africa
Filled with examples and evidence for history 20 mark questions
South Africa:
,“Black South Africans were urbanised to a considerable degree
before 1948” to what extent do you agree with this statement?
Discriminatory legislation
1911 natives labour registration act- pass books, movement
restriction
1913 natives land act- 7%
1923 natives act- only in towns to serve whites/ townships
Afrikaner culture and politics
Extreme racist views, white supremacy proved by battle of blood
river
Dutch reformed church
Laager mentality- greater the opposition, the greater the
determination
Urbanisation
White people needed cheap labour- tempory contracts
1919-1939 every black man worked for a white person, 23% lived in
1946
Creation of townships
To what extent was growing African urbanisation the main reason
for the implementation of apartheid legislation in the years 1948-
59?
African urbanisation
White people needed cheap labour- tempory contracts
1919-1939 every black man worked for a white person, 23% lived in
1946
Creation of townships
Afrikaner culture and politics
Extreme racist views, white supremacy proved by battle of blood
river
Dutch reformed church
Laager mentality- greater the opposition, the greater the
determination
, Disenfranchisement of all non-white voters
Belief that black people were the most content in rural areas
Opposition groups
ANC and PAC- defiance campaign
Womens protest
Rural opposition
Feared overthrowing government and losing power
Feared their economic and political rights as the minority in SA (1/3
of blacks)
How far do you agree that there were fundamental tensions
about the development of South Africa between the English and
Afrikaner South Africans?
Growth in Afrikaner nationalism
The Broderbund caused a distinct identity which all prime ministers
were a part of
The Dutch reformed Church thought it was God's plan to separate
white and black people and mixed marriages went against this
They wanted Nazi victory, Greyshirts movement formed after battle
of blood River centreary- 250,000 members by 1939 - uniformed
militias mass rallies and shooting associations
Conflict of Britain
English speakers dominated politics and economics as SA was a
dominion of the commonwealth
Boers beat in the second Boer war over the gold rush
Supported different sides during WW2
Similar values
Extremely racist and wanted segregation laws in place
White supremacy and European superiority
Disenfranchisement of non-white voters
To what extent was the growth of Afrikaner nationalism the main
reason for the success of the national party in the 1948 election?
(20 marks)
, Afrikaner nationalism
The Broderbund caused a distinct identity which all prime ministers
were a part of
The Dutch reformed Church thought it was God's plan to separate
white and black people and mixed marriages went against this
They wanted Nazi victory, Greyshirts movement formed after battle
of blood River centreary- 250,000 members by 1939 - uniformed
militias mass rallies and shooting associations
Impacts of WW2
The United party had extra 125,000 workers only 25 of which were
white and therefore they feared the Africans would take their jobs
after the war
The UP caused inflation, dismal housing record lack of white bread
food shortages
Growing ideas of self-determination and human rights after World
War II
Postwar unity among Afrikaners
Failures in UP leadership
Associated with communism, we can brace relations
Suggested an influx of black workers to white areas weakening of
the belief in segregation
Old and unoriginal vague ideas and unappealing
Weighting of the constituencies
NP appeared in raw areas which got more votes than urban areas
and so could gain a overall majority
NP 70 seats and UP 65
UP 140,000 more votes overall
How accurate is it to say that the government’s education laws
were the most important feature of apartheid in the 1950’s?
Education laws
Bantu education act- end subsidies to mission school, vocationalism
to be cheap labour, Harmful to give children ideas above their
station
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