Unit A2 1 - Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
Summary
Benzene Chemistry Summary - Unit A2 1 - Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
10 views 0 purchase
Course
Unit A2 1 - Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
Institution
CCEA
Summary of benzene's shape, bonding, delocalisation, hydrogenation, reaction with bromine water vs alkenes, bond angles and more shown in an organised and logical 2-page explanation.
Unit A2 1 - Periodic Trends and Further Organic, Physical and Inorganic Chemistry
All documents for this subject (22)
Seller
Follow
katie2310
Content preview
🔺 🔹
Benzene is a colourless, sweet smelling liquid at room temp.
It is highly flammable. p-orbitals combine
It is carcinogenic.
Shape = hexagonal C C
It is a component of crude oil. planar
Bond angle = 120°
Benzene has the formula C6H 6 C C
It consists of 6 carbons in a hexagonal, planar ring.
Each carbon is bonded to 1 hydrogen.
C C
Each carbon forms 3 covalent bonds, leaving 1 electron that is not
bonded.
This electron is in a p-orbital.
=6 These p-orbitals overlap to form a π delocalised system of electrons above
delocalised and below the plane of the hexagonal ring. This gives benzene its stability.
elctrons All carbon-carbon bond lengths are
Delocalisation def: intermediate in length between that of a
The π electrons are spread over several atoms. BENZENE single C-C and a double C=C.
The delocalisation of π electrons gives benzene greater than expected stability.
Alkenes readily undergo addition reactions whereas benzene doesn’t.
Electrophile - An ion or molecule that
Alkene Benzene Alkenes readily undergo electrophilic attacks regions of high electron density.
Add bromine Electrophilic No reaction addition reactions where Br2 and H2 act
water addition (Remains as electrophiles.
Orange to orange).
colourless
Hydrogenation H adds across Does not easily However, since benzene has a lower electron density because the
double bond - undergo electrons are delocalised they require a more powerful electrophile.
nickel addition This is why benzene will instead undergo electrophilic
catalyst reactions substitution reactions.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller katie2310. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $5.86. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
