Summary
Chromatography summary
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CCEA specification chromatography summary
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2 definitions !1. RO values retardation factor , this is calculated the
using expression :
-
RF = distance moved by spot (value should always be
distance moved by solvent less than 1)
1. Retention time -
the time taken from injection until a component reaches the
detector .
What is
chromatography ?
A
separating technique
·
·
Which allows mixture of soluble chemicals to be separated
Based on their relative solubilities in the mobile phase and the Stationary
phase .
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) :
Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC)
Mobile phase Mobile He)
liquid gas (inert
-
phase
-
N2 or
solid (silica (SiO)
Stationary phase
or alumina (Al2O3) on flat inert support
-
Stationary phase-liquid on a solid
support (thin layer of alkane in
of plastic or tube)
.
glass. capillary
How separation occurs -
adsorption How separation occurs
-
partition
(adhere to surface) relative
solubility.
M
I
&
N
3 Types of
Chromatography :
stat phase :
mention
- hydrocarbon
liquid/oil held on
Adsorption Paper chromatography : the solid .
support
Mobile phase -
liquid
StationaryPhase-
o as
cellulose in the paper. Partition
&
solid support liquid stationary
#- Stationary support
solid phase solid Phase
The
N A greater the
The stronger
solubility in the
L L
-
dissolve
o N
the adsorption
,
·
stationary phase, the
⑨ /
the more the ⑨
more the component
·
mobile
⑨
component mobile molecules are slowed
Phase molecules are phase down .
· slowed down
.
⑨
⑨
⑨
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