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NURS 2000 Questions with Complete SolutionsStigma Correct Answer-Stigma is the negative stereotype and ...
discrimination is the behaviour that results from this negative stereotype
Tobacco and Alcohol Correct Answer-The economic cost of substance
use in Canada in 2014 was $38.4 billion, or about $1,100 for every
Canadian, and came with a staggering toll of 67,515 deaths, says a report
released Tuesday.
The Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction partnered with
the Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research to examine the data
and estimate the harms of substance use based on health, justice, lost
productivity and other costs.
While researchers acknowledged that Canada is in the middle of a crisis
because of illicit opioid overdose deaths, their study concluded that two-
thirds of substance use costs are associated with alcohol and tobacco.
It found the four substances related to the largest costs are alcohol at
$14.6 billion, tobacco at $12 billion, opioids at $3.5 billion and
marijuana at $2.8 billion.
Tobacco
,Costs Correct Answer-Approximately 45,500 deaths were attributable to
smoking in Canada in 2012. This translates to about 125 deaths each day
in Canada—more than the total number of deaths due to car collisions,
accidental injuries, and assaults.
The total costs of tobacco use in Canada were $16.2 billion in 2012.
Health care costs attributable to smoking in Canada were estimated to be
more than $6.5 billion in 2012. Indirect costs due to lost production
amounted to $9.5 billion.
Think about all the supports we offer to people to help them quit
smoking. Think about all the resources that have been put in to reducing
smoking over the past four decades through regulatory changes, personal
supports, limiting where you can smoke, increasing taxes on cigarettes,
cracking down on sales to minors, changes in packaging, etc, etc.
Tobacco has no nutritive value and is designed only to deliver a drug,
nicotine.
WHY IS IT STILL LEGAL?
The current opioid crisis is a result of multiple complex factors that
include: Correct Answer-A misunderstanding of the addictive risk of
prescription opioids;
Frequent opioid prescribing and high amounts being prescribed for pain
relief
Lack of awareness of alternative treatments for pain
,Theft of prescription opioids by friends and family members
Lack of access to prescription opioids leading to illicit opioid use;
Illegal drugs that are laced with other substances, such as fentanyl;
Psychological, social and biological risk factors like genetics, mental
health, early life experiences, trauma, poverty, lack of secure housing
and other social determinants of health;
Stigma towards substance use disorders, discouraging individuals from
seeking help.
http://www.ccdus.ca/Eng/Opioids/issue/Pages/default.aspx
What is the scope of the problem? Correct Answer-Recent estimates
indicate 13.1% of Canadian adults used opioids in 2015, and among
these individuals, 2.2% (82,000 Canadians representing 0.3% of the total
population) reported using them for non-medical purposes. There were
3,987 apparent opioid-related deaths in 2017. These lives lost make the
opioid crisis a leading public health and safety concern.
"People...who use opioids every day - and people... whose drug use is
intermittent, deserve to live and be well. People who are dependent on
, opioids and other substances have a health problem - often described as
addiction. Addiction is not a crime. It is not a moral failing. It is a health
problem. The drivers of problematic substance use are well known. They
include: Correct Answer-Stigma and discrimination
Poverty and the absence of social supports
Isolation, rejection, abandonment
Abuse, conflict
Mental illness
chart (4 things) Correct Answer-- prevention
-harmreduction
- community safety
- Treatment and recovery
Dr. Gabor MatÉ Correct Answer-"If a cure is possible and probable
without doing greater harm, then cure is the objective. When it isn't - and
in most chronic medical conditions cure is not the expected outcome -
the physician's role is to help the patient with the symptoms and to
mitigate the harm done by the disease process"
Harm reduction Correct Answer-is a neutral, non judgmental, low
threshold approach, geared towards individuals as well as to address
social factors of behaviour and potential risk for harm.
Language sets the tone
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