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HWST 107 FINAL EXAM UH Manoa.
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HWST 107 FINAL EXAM UH Manoa.
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HWST 107 FINAL EXAM UH ManoaWhy is the U.S. interested in Pacific island possessions during this period of American
Empire building in the early 20th century?
○ Think: What role(s) does Hawaiʻi, American Sāmoa, Guam, and Micronesia play in regards
to the U.S. military? - correct answer-strategic military purposes
Why do many regard the US treatment of residents within its island territories as unjust and
unethical? - correct answer-- no full rights to native people
- social and environmental impacts
Identity: Insular Cases - correct answer-insular: island territories under War Department's
Bureau of Insular Affairs
- US Supreme Court opinions on US territories acquired in the Spanish-American War
- way for US to enquire new territories and partially apply constitution
Why are the Insular Cases considered outdated and irrelevant today? - correct answer-- still
based on outdated and racist views
- pacific islanders are still neglected by US powers
- full constitutional rights do not automatically extend to US places and to all US citizens
Why does the General Smedley Butler refer to war as a "racket"? According to Butler, how
has the country's armed forces been misused during the early 1900s? - correct answer--
something that is not what it seems to the majority of the people
- conducted for the benefit of the very few at the expense of the masses
- "the flag follows the dollar and the soldiers follow the flag"
- war for any other reason other than the defense of our homes and the Bill of Rights is a
racket
- all about money
What is PACOM and where is it based? - correct answer-US Pacific Command, Oahu
List 3 statistics regarding PACOM in Hawaii - correct answer-- combined military branches =
161 installations
- controls 5.7% of total land in Hawaii (236, 303 acres)
- controls 22.4% or 85,718 acres of Oahu land
- islands surrounded by 210,000 sq. mi. of military operating ocean area and 58,599 sq. mi.
of military special use airspace
Cite at least 2 facts supporting the claim that Hawaii is the most militarized state in the union
- correct answer-- 44,458 active duty military personnel and 56, 572 military dependents
- 116,000 retired military residing in state, military connected population totaled 217,030
(17% of state)
- largest percentage of its population in the military
, Where does a bulk of military controlled lands in Hawaii come from and why does this not sit
well with the Native Hawaiian community? - correct answer-- ceded lands (US seized 1.8
million acres of Hawaiian government and crown lands of the Kingdom of Hawaii)
How much Hawaiian land is under military stewardship? - correct answer-112,173 acres or
54% of military controlled land in Hawaii = ceded lands
Identify: DERP - correct answer-- 1984
- Defense Environmental Restoration Program
Identify: FUDS - correct answer-Formerly Used Defense Sites
Why do critics claim that DERP reports fall short of their intended purpose? - correct
answer-- annual DERP report to congress doesn't include FUDS and US installations on
foreign soil
Why are military fuel storage facilities a concern for the local community?
How large are these tanks? Is there a history of problems with them? What would be
affected if the tanks were to leak or suffer an accident? - correct answer-* The Abandoned
Tank
- 9 million gallon capacity
- when abandoned: 126,000 barrels of waste (5.3 million gallons), demolition team collapsed
roof and drained tank by drilling holes
- now in grassy field between enlisted men's dining hall and their living quarters
* Mililani Tanks
- 32 million gallon system
- 3 fuel storage areas (Hickam, Pearl Harbor, Wheeler)
- Air Force discovered 80 ruptures (1987)
* Red Hill underground fuel storage facility
- 20 reinforced concrete fuel tanks
- 252 million gallons of diesel and jet fuel
- sits 100 ft above aquifer (which supplies 25% of Honolulu's water)
- 2015: Board of Water Supply says tested positive for jet fuel in the aquifer
Why are toxic military dumps in the ocean surrounding Hawaii a potential problem for the
community?
What types of things/chemicals have been dumped into our oceans? - correct answer-south
sea, Oahu 1944-1945
- conventional explosives
- old aircraft
- old ships
- old vehicles
- ammunition
- > 8000 tons of chemical weapons (chemical-filled bombshells, mustard gas)
- 1944: 4220 tons of hydrogen cyanide in loose containers
- 1944: 16000 100-pound mustard bombs dumped 5 miles off Oahu
- 1945: Waianae two week period of dumping of more than 4000 tons of chemical weapons
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