Nursing Pharmacology (Drugs) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
albuterol
(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm, acute symptoms
of asthma
acetaminophen
centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties; no
antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties
acyclovir
Antimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance.
amiodarone
Class 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."
amoxicillin
Broad-spectrum penicillin active against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is
inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not helpful for Staphylococcus.
atropine
muscinarinic receptor antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for mydriases (eye exams),
to raise HR, lower GI motility, and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)
amphotericin B
broad spectrum antifungal, which is the agent of choice for systemic mycoses, despite
being highly toxic. Its uses are limited to treating progressive and potentially fatal
infections. Adverse effects include infusion reactions, nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.
aspirin
, A drug that decrease platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial thrombosis,
stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that
works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-2.
beclomethasone
inhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway inflammation in asthma
bethanechol
muscarinic agnonist, used primarily for urinary retention
buproprion
(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin syndrome (see
laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
captopril
ACE inhibitor - shown to have efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart failure.
Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates arterioles and veins, and decreases release
of aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of hypotension, hyperkalemia, or
persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING
carbenicillin
"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the same spectrum of
activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cefotaxime
"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and nosocomial
infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater activity against Gram
negative bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach
CSF.
cephalexin
"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against Gram negative bacteria, sensitive
to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for Staphylococcus if mild
penicillin allergy.
celecoxib
2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective NSAID); AE: risk
of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with celecoxib
cholestyramine
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
albuterol
(SABA) short acting beta 2 receptor agonist, used for bronchospasm, acute symptoms
of asthma
acetaminophen
centrally acting cox inhibitor; analgesic and antipyretic properties; no
antiinflammatory,antirheumatic properties
acyclovir
Antimetabolite for Treating Herpes Simplex Virus & Varicella-Zoster Virus Infections;
MOAs: Purine necleoside analog: DNA polymerase inhibitor, suppresses synthesis of
viral DNA, resistance.
amiodarone
Class 3 Potassium channel blocker
Only approved for life-threatening dysrhythmias.
Delays repolarization and extends action potential of heart muscle cells.
SE: Profound hypotension."
amoxicillin
Broad-spectrum penicillin active against H. influenzae, E. coli, and N. Gonorrhoeae. It is
inactivated by beta-lactamases, so not helpful for Staphylococcus.
atropine
muscinarinic receptor antagonist/anticholinergic drug; used for mydriases (eye exams),
to raise HR, lower GI motility, and as antidote to muscarinic poisoning (rx, shrooms)
amphotericin B
broad spectrum antifungal, which is the agent of choice for systemic mycoses, despite
being highly toxic. Its uses are limited to treating progressive and potentially fatal
infections. Adverse effects include infusion reactions, nephrotoxicity, and hypokalemia.
aspirin
, A drug that decrease platelet aggregation and is used to prevent arterial thrombosis,
stroke, or MI. Major SEs include risk of major GI bleeding. This drug is an NSAID that
works by inhibiting platelet COX, COX-1, and COX-2.
beclomethasone
inhaled corticosteroid used to treat airway inflammation in asthma
bethanechol
muscarinic agnonist, used primarily for urinary retention
buproprion
(DA and NE). Weight loss, seizure, insomnia, headache, serotonin syndrome (see
laundry list above), withdrawal, Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
captopril
ACE inhibitor - shown to have efficacious effects in treating a patient with heart failure.
Blocks production of angiotensin II, dilates arterioles and veins, and decreases release
of aldosterone. It may show the adverse effects of hypotension, hyperkalemia, or
persistant cough, CARDIAC REMODELING
carbenicillin
"Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal penicillins), which has the same spectrum of
activity as broad-spectrum penicillins, plus treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cefotaxime
"Third generation cephalosporin with activity against meningitis and nosocomial
infections resistant to others (restricted use). It has greater activity against Gram
negative bacteria, increased resistance to beta-lactamases, and better ability to reach
CSF.
cephalexin
"First generation cephalosporin poor activity against Gram negative bacteria, sensitive
to to most beta-lactamases, unable to reach CSF. Used for Staphylococcus if mild
penicillin allergy.
celecoxib
2nd Generation Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drug (COX-2 Selective NSAID); AE: risk
of CV events, warfarin may be more effective with celecoxib
cholestyramine
