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POLI 202 Hancock Midterm.
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POLI 202 Hancock MidtermAccording to Luther in Concerning Christian Liberty, what is needed for justification and
salvation? - ANS-faith—that is, belief in God's promises
In "The Limits of Secular Authority," how does Luther explain the Christian's duty to
uphold secular authority, even though a Christian has no need of it and must be willing
to "turn the other cheek" rather than demand justice under the law? - ANS-The Christian
cooperates with secular authority only for the benefit of his neighbor, not for the benefit
to himself.
AND
One may "turn the other cheek," inwardly, spiritually, while asserting one's rights as
needed in the outward realm.
According to Professor Hancock (in Thinking Politically part two, ch. 2), Calvin's radical
break with classical moral and political philosophy consists of ________. - ANS-his
repudiation of the hierarchical view of nature and of human nature which makes it
possible to speak of what is "high" and "low"
According to Luther in "The Three Walls of the Romanists," what is the first "wall" the
"Romanists" (Roman Catholics) have built around them, and how does Luther attack
this wall? - ANS-The Romanists claim that the pope, bishops, priests, and monks
belong to a special "spiritual estate" exempt from temporal power, but in fact all
Christians belong to a "royal priesthood."
"Now, these two, as we have divided them, are always to be viewed apart from each
other. When the one is considered, we should call off our minds, and not allow them to
think of the other."
What two spheres or domains does John Calvin refer to in this quotation? - ANS-the
spiritual and the temporal jurisdictions
Which of the following IS true of Descartes's assessment of his traditional education? -
ANS-We do not need theology because we have revealed truth.
Poetry or literature is lovely but cannot be a rational science.
Traditional virtue promotes apathy, pride, despair, and parricide.
, Traditional education is like a pretty palace built on a foundation of mud.
What sin does Descartes say he is avoiding by going public with his project? - ANS-the
sin against the law obliging us to procure the common good of all
In part 3 of Descartes's Discourse, Descartes compares himself to a man lost in a forest
with no sense of direction. What does he propose could overcome the basic uncertainty
and the repentings and pangs of remorse that are part of human existence? - ANS-He
says we must pick a direction and go with it, treating our decision as if it were the
certain truth.
What is the huge public significance (part six) of the project that Descartes first
described as a merely private speculation? - ANS-His method promises to make human
beings masters and possessors of nature so they can enjoy the fruits of the earth
without any pain.
How does Professor Hancock describe the relationship between modern science and
modern freedom? - ANS-Modern deterministic science seems opposite to personal
freedom, but in fact these opposites attract.
What assistance does Descartes solicit for his project, and what assistance does he
refuse? - ANS-He wants assistants to help carry out his method, not philosophical
conversations that question his method.
How does Hobbes define happiness or "felicity"? - ANS-continual success in getting
what one wants
What unalienable right does Hobbes recognize? - ANS-the right to preserve one's own
life
What does Hobbes mean by freedom or "liberty"? Does freedom or liberty require "free
will"? - ANS-the absence of external obstacles, which has nothing to do with "free will"
How do men escape the state of nature? - ANS-men covenant with the sovereign,
promising obedience in exchange for protection from the sovereign
How is Hobbes's project like and unlike Machiavelli's project? - ANS-Hobbes pursues
Machiavelli's project of an "effectual truth," but aims to make it an airtight theory that is
scientific and universal.
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