Exam (elaborations)
Psychology Module 9
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Exam of 2 pages for the course Psych at Psych (Psychology Module 9)
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Psychology Module 9Biological Psychology - ANS-the scientific study of the links between biological and
psychological processes
Neuron - ANS-A nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system
Dendrites - ANS-A neuron's bushy, branching extensions that receive messages and
conduct impulses
Axon - ANS-The neuron extension that passes messages through its branches to other
neurons
Myelin sheath - ANS-A fatty tissue layer segmentally encasing the axons of some
neurons; enables vastly greater impulses hop from one sausage-like node to the next
Action potential - ANS-A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an
axon
Refractory period - ANS-A period of inactivity after a neuron has fired
Threshold - ANS-The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse
All-or-none response - ANS-A neuron's reaction of either firing (with a full strength
response) or not firing
Synapse - ANS-The junction between the axon tip of the sending neuron and the
dendrite of cell body of the receiving neuron. The tiny gap at this junction is called the
synaptic gap or synaptic cleft.
Neurotransmitters - ANS-Chemical messengers that cross the synaptic gaps between
neurons. When released by their sending neuron, neurotransmitters travel across the
synapse and bind to receptor sites on the receiving neuron, thereby influencing whether
that neuron will generate a neural impulse
Reuptake - ANS-A neurotransmitter's reabsorption by the sending neuron
Endorphins - ANS-"Morphine within", neurotransmitter linked to pain control and to
pleasure.
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