SMAD 150 exam 2
the commodity self - ANS-individuals consume and pursue fashion to individuate
themselves, yet do so in order to be socially accepted - to fit in and be popular.
moreover, mass produced goods and fashion are used to produce a fake individuality, a
commodity self, an image
the process of constructing the news - ANS-*selecting what gets covered
*deciding what becomes the focus of the story
*determining how the story gets told
influences on news construction - ANS-unavoidable constraints include:
*deadlines
*resource limitations (staff reductions, budget, etc)
*geographical focus (typically stick to local events)
good news stations (quality news) - ANS-*PBS News Hour
*NPR (National Public Radio)
*The New York Times
*NYT Now
*BBC World News America
Influences on News Construction - Business Environment - ANS-*commercialism: news
organizations are businesses competing for audiences and advertisers
*professional responsibility perspective: inform public about most important and
significant events
*marketing perspective: find stories and presentation formats that generate largest
audience
*organizational structure
*ownership
*branding
Influences on News Construction - Operating Conventions - ANS-*use of sources
*perception of values (small town american people)
*hyperlocalism (most interested in out local news)
*story formulas
professional responsibility perspective - ANS-editors select what's important in order to
build an informed public -
, *significance
*candidates and issues
*economics and policies
*in-depth coverage
marketing perspective - ANS-primary job of editors is to attract and maintain as large an
audience as possible -
*soft news
*celebrities
*conflict
*appeal to emotion
advantage of news perspectives - ANS-helps journalists simplify and organize the
overwhelming amount of material
disadvantage of news perspective - ANS-a narrow view of what is considered news -
selected stories are treated superficially
changes in news perspective - ANS-from social responsibility to marketing. Old criteria:
significance, proximity, and timeliness. New criteria: conflict, appeal to emotions, and
visualization
objectivity - ANS-*journalism has 'a strong ethic of objectivity'
*editors use personal judgement in assigned stories and resources
*reporters interpret the news perspective using their own personal judgement
balance - ANS-when an issue has more than one side, journalists should attempt to
mention both sides equally
(When an issue has more than one side, journalists should attempt to achieve)
are news stories balanced? - ANS-*a study of controversial issues found 48% of stories
were one-sided. only 7% of stories were completely balanced
*if journalists don't provide us with balance then we must construct it for ourselves
political bias - ANS-*conservatives complain that most reporters are liberal and their
stories are biased
*liberals say conservative commentators have too much power and stigmatize liberals
*the broader bias underlying news is more important - commercialism, entertainment,
and superficiality
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