This particular opportunistic pathogen is responsible for about 90% of all cases of
pharyngitis
a. streptococcus pyogenes
b. pseudomonas
c. S. epidermis
d. staphylococcus arureus - ANS-a. streptococcus pyogenes
All of the following are opioids except
a. demerol
b.fentanyl
c. alfenta
d. ketamine - ANS-d. ketamine
Clostridium are gram-positive, spore-forming rods that are
a. aerobic
b. anaerobic - ANS-b. anaerobic
In patients who develop fever, abdominal pain, and profuse diarrhea, the most
frequently seen antibiotic-associated enterocolitis is due to which of the following
organisms?
a. pseudomonas aeruginosa
b. clostridium difficile
c. enterobacter cloacae
d. enterococcus faecalis - ANS-b. clostridium difficile
Which of the following is an example of a high-level disinfecting agent?
a. iodophor solution
b. isopropyl alcohol
c. glutaraldehyde
d. quaternary ammonium - ANS-c. glutaraldehyde
The transmission of the pain stimulus from the periphery to the brain
a. conduction
b. transduction
c. nociception
s. synaptic transmission - ANS-d. nociception
,An adult male is injured in an automobile accident at 2am, an exploratory laparotomy for
possible perforated bowel is initiated at 5 am, which of the following is the BEST wound
classification in this scenario
a. dirty or infected
b. contaminated
c. clean
d. clean-contaminated - ANS-b. contaminated
During coagulation, thrombin unites with fibrinogen, a blood protein, to form
a. fibrin
b. ADP
c. thromboplastin
d. prothrombin - ANS-a. fibrin
Thrombin + fibrinogen = fibrin
Which of the following is commonly used for inhalation induction
a. entlurane
b. desflurane
c. halothane
d. isoflurane - ANS-c. halothane
A wound that is known to be infected at the time of surgery and is left open to be closed
at a later date is categorized as
a. granulation
b. delayed primary closure
c. second intention
d. first intention - ANS-b. delayed primary closure
Infections due to streptococci or clostridia may become severe with in ______ hours
a. 24
b. 72
c. 12
d. 48 - ANS-a. 24
The drainage system associated with increased infection rate in clean wounds
a. pleuravac
b. penrose
c. Jackson-pratt - ANS-b. penrose
, If the tension on the wound is extreme (as in the case of tendon or abdominal fascia),
the wounds must be protected from stress for about 6 weeks, at which time wound
strength is ________ of normal
a. 3%
b. 10%
c. 35%-50%
d. 10%-35% - ANS-c. 35%-50%
Whereas a typical wound infection is first seen with low-grade fever, wound erythema,
and tenderness 72 hours or later after surgery, the multi,icrobial soft-tissue infection
(necrotizing fasciitis) manifests itself within _____ postoperative hours with a high
temperature (103°F), confusion, agitation, and a watery foul-smelling discharge from a
discolored, often necrotic wound. Blebs and crepitus could be present if anaerobic
bacteria are involved. Typically, a Gram stain of the fluid exhibits a Gram-positive or
polymicrobial involvment.
a. 72 hours
b. 48 hours
c. 94 hours
d. 24 hours - ANS-b. 48 hours
Most wound infections do not become evident clinically for _____ days or longer after
operation
a. 5
b. 7
c. 3
d. 10 - ANS-a. 5
A hypertrophic abnormal raised, thicken scar that extends beyond the normal
borders/margins of the normal scar due to excessive dense collagen formation.
a. hypertrophic scar
b. cicatrix
c. keloid
d. eschar - ANS-c. keloid
During First intention healing, the wound heals ______ across the incision line
a. side to side
b. end to end
c. bottom to top
d. top to bottom - ANS-a. side to side
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