Exam (elaborations)
Nutrition Exam I_ NUR1172 Questions & answers
- Course
- Institution
Nutrition Exam I_ NUR1172 Questions & answers
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
EXAMQA
Reviews received
Content preview
Nutrition Exam I: NUR1172Alimentary Canal - ANS-Another term for gastrointestinal tract
Digestive Tract Includes - ANS-Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large
Intestine, Rectum
Accessory Organs of the Digestive System - ANS-Pancrease, Gallbladder, Liver
Muscular Movement of Mouth - ANS-Mastication
Muscular Movement of Esophagus - ANS-Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) Controls
entry of food bolus into esophagus
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) Controls entry of food into stomach
Muscular Movement of Stomach - ANS-Kneading and churning/Propulsive and Mixing
Movements- Moves food to pyloric valve by peristalsis
Muscular Movement of Small Intestine - ANS-Peristalsis
End Product of Carbohydrates - ANS-Monosaccharides: Glucose, Fructose,Galactose
End Product of Fats - ANS-Fatty Acids, Monoglycerides, Diglycerides, Glycerol
End Product of Proteins - ANS-Amino Acids, Dipeptides
Chemical Digestion of Mouth - ANS-Salivary amylase, saliva, mucous
Saliva - ANS-Moistens food particles, releases lingual lipase (fat digestion)
Salivary Amylase - ANS-Enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars in
the oral cavity
Mucous - ANS-Protects walls of stomach from hydrochloric acid
Chemical Digestion of Stomach - ANS-Hydrochloric acid, mucus, enzymes
Hydrochloric Acid - ANS-Creates an acidic environment for certain enzymes to work
,Breaks down proteins and activates pepsin
Mucus - ANS-Protects stomach lining from HCl- Binds and mixes food
Stomach Enzymes - ANS-Pepsin breaks down proteins, activated by HCL
Food - ANS-A mixture of chemical substances and nutrients
Major Functions of Digestive System - ANS-(1) Received Food
(2) Releases nutrients from Food
(3) Delivers nutrients into the Blood
(4) Excretes non-digestible waste
Pepsin - ANS-Enzyme that digests protein
Gastric Lipase - ANS-Enzyme to digest food
Pyloric Sphincter - ANS-Controls sending food away from stomach
Liver - ANS-Creates Bile
Gallbladder - ANS-Stores Bile
Pancreas - ANS-Digestive enzymes, bicarbonate to neutralize chyme and store insulin
Absorption - ANS-Process of taking molecules across a cell membrane and into cells of
the body
Villi - ANS-Lines the Gastrointestinal system
Brush Border - ANS-Composed of microvilli that increase surface area
Cause of Heartburn - ANS-Hydrochloric in the esophagus
Chyme - ANS-Semi-fluid mass of partially digested food that is expelled by the stomach,
through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum
Bile - ANS--Aid in digestions of lipid in the small intestine, -Produced by the liver, stored
in the gallbladder
-Emulsifies (breaks down) fat and stores its digestion
, - The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile
- Lipid breakdown would be slower if gallbladder is removed
Chemical Digestion of the Small Intestine - ANS-Enzymes, Mucus, Hormones, Bile
Enzymes of the small intestine - ANS-Certain enzymes act on specific macronutrients to
bring their final breakdown so the body can use and absorb them
Mucus of the Small Intestine - ANS-Protects from HCl
Small Intestine Absorption - ANS-Absorbs most of the nutrients (Majority of the
nutrients) through diffusion and osmosis
- Lipids, Carbohydrate, Protein Absorption
Large Intestine Absorption - ANS-- Primary task is absorption of water (5-8 L/day)
- Mineral Absorption: Sodium and other electrolytes
- Vitamin Absorption: Vitamin K and Biotin
- Waste Elimination
Lactose Intolerance - ANS-Inability to digest lactose
- Intolerance varies by individual
- Stems from a deficiency of the enzyme lactase
- Not the same as a milk allergy
Prebiotics - ANS--Undigested carbohydrates that pass into the colon and ferment
- Stimulate the growth and activity of healthy bacteria (Increased immune function-
influence secretion of antibodies, Mineral absorption, Relieves constipation, Colon
Cancer- May help destroy cancer cells and toxic enzymes)
Secretin - ANS-Stimulates the pancreas to send alkaline pancreatic juices to protect
against HCl without neutralizing others
Probiotics - ANS-Live microorganisms- In correct amounts may result in health benefits
Lactic Acid - ANS-Most common probiotic
Clinical Applications of Probiotics - ANS--Helps reduce diarrhea
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Inhibit of H. Pylori (Causes peptic ulcers)
- Lactose intolerance
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EXAMQA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
81531 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now