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HIUS 222 Final Exam Questions & answers
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Exam of 24 pages for the course HIUS 222 at HIUS 222 (HIUS 222 Final Exam)
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HIUS 222 Final ExamThe New Deal - ANS-Included relief for the poor and unemployed, efforts to stimulate
economic recovery, and social security
President Franklin D. Roosevelt - ANS-In 1933, Roosevelt- after defeating Republican
incumbent Herbert Hoover in a landslide the previous November-- took office and began
implementing the New Deal—i.e. his policies to attack the problems of the Great
Depression.
The Civilian Conservation Corps. (CCC) - ANS-Created by Congress in March 1933, it
employed jobless youths in such projects as reforestation, park maintenance, and
erosion control.
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) - ANS-It built a hydroelectric network that supplied
cheap power to the Tennessee River Valley while also developing a flood-control
system, recreational facilities, and a soil-conservation program.
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) - ANS-Set up a program in 1933 by which producers
of major agricultural commodities received subsidies in return for taking acreage out of
production
The rationale was to decrease supplies and increase prices.
National Recovery Administration (NRA) - ANS-Created by the National Industrial
Recovery Act (1933)
Was designed to eliminate "cut throat competition."
Suspended anti-trust laws and permitted the nation's trades and industries to draft
codes of fair competition that were to include labor standards such as minimum wages.
Glass-Steagall Act (1933) - ANS-Co-sponsored by Democratic Senator Carter Glass of
Virginia
Prohibited commercial banks from engaging in investment banking
Insured national bank deposits up to $2,500
,Public Works Administration (PWA) - ANS-Also created by the NIRA
Designed to create jobs
Had a $3 billion budget to build highways, federal buildings, and military facilities
Works Progress Administration (WPA) - ANS-Founded in 1935 by the Federal Relief
Appropriation Act
Projects were smaller and more local than the PWA:
Musicians
Artists
Writers
Drama
Media
Literacy Projects
Social Security Act (1935) - ANS-Established a mixed federal-state system of old-age
pensions for workers; survivors' benefits for the victims of industrial accidents;
unemployment insurance; and aid for dependent mothers and children, and the
handicapped.
It was funded by employers and wages withheld from workers' paychecks.
1934 Midterm Elections - ANS-Republicans lost 19 seats in the House of
Representatives and 10 in the Senate
Usually the President's party loses in the midterm. That was not the case in 1934.
Democrats increased their majority
The Republican response to these defeats in 1932 and 1934 was to be even more vocal
and extreme in their denunciations of the New Deal.
1936 Election - ANS-1. Only 17 Republicans left in the Senate, and only 89 in the
House of Representatives.
2. First time a black majority voted Democratic
, Popular Culture and the Great Depression - ANS-Gap between the American dream
and reality seemed particularly large during the Depression.
Pervasive scarcity and unemployment frustrated consumption and called into question
the late 19th century middle-class axiom that success follows hard work.
Old heroes- individualists-- seemed out of touch with the suffering millions.
People were looking for new heroes
Creators of popular culture- including filmmakers and comic book writers- helped to
forestall a domestic revolution similar to what happened in some European countries
before WWII.
Film and the Depression - ANS-Film industry began in the 1910s & first "talkies" came
in 1927
"[N]o medium has contributed more greatly than the film to the maintenance of the
national morale during a period featured by revolution, riot and political turmoil in other
countries"- Will Hays, head of the Motion Picture Producers & Distributors Assoc. (1934)
60-80 million Americans attended the movies each week in the 1930s
Horror and crime films were especially popular in the early years of the Depression
1931- one of the most difficult years of the Depression-was "the best year ever for
monsters":
Dracula- one of the highest grossing films of the year.
Frankenstein
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
King Kong (1933)
As the decade (and Depression) progressed, films reverberated with:
The rhetoric of democracy
The importance of the little guy
The greatness of the American way of life
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