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AP Gov AP Classroom Unit 1 MCQ rated100% correct.
"In every free government, the people must give their assent to the laws by which they
are governed. This is the true criterion between a free government and an arbitrary one.
The former are ruled by the will of the whole, expressed in any manner they may agree
upon; the latter by the will of one, or a few. If the people are to give their assent to the
laws, by persons chosen and appointed by them, the manner of the choice and the
number chosen, must be such, as to possess, be disposed, and consequently qualified
to declare the sentiments of the people; for if they do not know, or are not disposed to
speak the sentiments of the people, the people do not govern, but the sovereignty is in
a few. Now, in a large extended country, it is impossible to have a representation,
possessing the sentiments, and of integrity, to declare the minds of the people, without
having it so numerous and unwieldy, as to be subject in great ANS - Answer B
Correct. In the passage, Brutus rejects the idea of a republic in which representatives
vote on behalf of citizens, arguing that in a large country, it is impossible to fairly
represent the will of the people with a small number of legislators.
Brutus 1
In the passage, Brutus is most concerned with the conflict between which of the
following political ideas?
A. Civil rights and national security
B. Participatory democracy and elite democracy
C. Political parties and special interest groups
D. Religious liberty and the separation of church and state ANS - Answer B
Correct. In the passage, Brutus discusses two systems of representation, arguing that
while elite democracy cannot adequately express the popular will, participatory
democracy could lead to a large, unwieldy government that is unable to function.
Brutus 1
Which of the following excerpts from the passage best describes the author's reason for
opposing an expansion of the scope of the federal government?
A. "In every free government, the people must give their assent to the laws by which
they are governed."
, B. "This is the true criterion between a free government and an arbitrary one. The
former are ruled by the will of the whole, expressed in any manner they may agree
upon; the latter by the will of one, or a few."
C. "If the people are to give their assent to the laws, by persons chosen and appointed
by them, the manner of the choice and the number chosen, must be such, as to
possess, be disposed, and consequently qualified to declare the sentiments of the
people..."
D. "... [I]t is impossible to have a representation, possessing the sentiments, and of
integrity, to declare the minds of the people, without having it so numerous and
unwieldy, as to be subject ANS - Answer D
Correct. This excerpt contains the author's reasoning for opposing an extended
republic, arguing that any fair representative body truly representing the people's will
would be too large to function.
While [opponents of the Constitution] admit that the government of the United States is
destitute of energy, they contend against conferring upon it those powers which are
requisite to supply that energy. They seem still to aim at things repugnant and
irreconcilable; at an augmentation of federal authority, without a diminution of State
authority; at sovereignty in the Union, and complete independence in the members. . . .
This [requires that] a full display of the principal defects of the Confederation [is]
necessary, in order to show that the evils we experience do not proceed from minute or
partial imperfections, but from fundamental errors in the structure of the building, which
cannot be amended otherwise than by an alteration in the first principles and main
pillars of the fabric. . . . [T]he United States has an indefinite discretion to [plead for] for
men and money; but they have no authority to raise either, ANS - Answer B
Correct. The debt crisis was not effectively resolved by state governments, while the
federal government was unable to act because of a lack of taxation power under the
Articles of Confederation.
Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist 15
Which of the following is a difference between the Articles of Confederation and the
United States Constitution that is a response to a problem expressed in the passage?
A. The Articles of Confederation lacked federal executive and judicial branches,
whereas the United States Constitution did not.
B. The Articles of Confederation allowed for the federal government to request revenues
from states but did not permit it to tax citizens directly, whereas under the United States
Constitution the federal government could tax citizens directly.
C. Under the Articles of Confederation, members of the national legislature were paid by
the state governments, whereas under the United States Constitution they were paid by
the federal government.
D. Under the Articles of Confederation, members of the national legislature were not
able to regulate currency, whereas under the United States Cons ANS - Answer B
Correct. The author of the passage considers the lack of taxation to be a fundamental
problem, so the power to tax was added to Article I, Section 8 to the Constitution in
response.
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