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Summary Respiration - Complete IGCSE Biology Notes
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Summary of 7 pages for the course Unit 12 - Respiration at CIE (FULL Notes)
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, Respiration·
respiration the chemical reaction that breaks down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy
·
Mitochondria is not necessary for respiration to happen
·
energy is always present as an end product
·
uses of the produced energy
·
muscle contractions ·
cell division
growth
·
maintaining body temperature
·
protein synthesis
·
passing nerve impulses
·
aerobic respiration the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release a large amount of energy
occurs in every living plant and animal cell
8
CGH120G -
H2C
·
CGHi200 + 602 > GCO2 + GH20 + lots of ATP
&
-
>
- CO2
·
respiratory enzymes are essential and found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes T
0 - ATP ↓
anaerobic breakdown food
respiration release of a
relatively small amount of energy by the of
·
substance (glucose) in the absence or lack of oxygen
can occur in both human and non-human
·
occurs in the cytoplasm of cells
·
anaerobic respiration in humans
·
CoHi200 -
insufficient oxygen
-
> 2C3HoOs +
little ATP
of needed by the tissues to oxidise lactic acid
oxygen debt-amount extra oxygen muscle
·
·
process /in muscles) -
when there is a lack of oxygen delivered to the muscle cells , It will lead to oxygen debt
·
With a high level of lactic acid , It will cause fatigue and muscle ache
·
concentration of CO2 and lactic acid in tissues and blood increases and the blood pH decreases
· the intercostal muscles will be stimulated to contract harder and more often
· the hard and fast contraction leads to faster and deeper breathing
* the heart beats faster to get more O2 in the blood
* the blood cannot supply enough O2 to maintain aerobic respiration as muscle cells use up a lot of energy
·
anaerobic respiration in non-humans (fermentation by yeast cells)
insufficient > ethanol little ATP
glucose oxygen + carbon dioxide +
· -
-
·
CoHi200 -
insufficient oxygen
-
> 2CH5OH + 2CO2 + little ATP
can be used in the making of
yogurt (with slight Introduction of bacterial
·
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