How successful was the Rump Parliament 1640-1653
Topic Ideas
● The main goals of the Rump Parliament were constitutional reform, church reform,
security and foreign policy, and balancing finances after the King's execution.
● The Rump Parliament made significant progress towards constitutional reform, but faced
opposition from conservative judges and lawyers.
● Specific acts passed by the Rump Parliament included the Act of Relief 1650, Toleration
Act 1650, and Engagement 1650.
● These acts had contradictions and were not fully successful in achieving the goals of the
Rump Parliament.
● The Rump Parliament's security and foreign policy initiatives faced challenges from
foreign powers, but had successes in demolishing threats and achieving victories.
Main Opinion
● The Rump Parliament was effective at defending the commonwealth from foreign/civil
threats, however this was due to the strength of the NMA.
● The Rump Parliament was unsuccessful due to the internal disputes between army
radicals and conservatives, the contradictory nature of Cromwell, and growing
unpopularity.
● Some specific internal disputes between army radicals and conservatives that hindered
the success of the Rump Parliament were the disagreement on religious toleration and
the threat of soldiers' pay cuts.
● The long-term impacts of the internal disputes and contradictions within the Rump
Parliament include a decrease in the number of Acts passed, a decrease in active
members, rebellion of the army, mutinies in London, and public outrage leading to the
execution of Lockyer.
● Some potential counterpoints to the argument that the Rump Parliament was overall
unsuccessful include the remaining ancient system of tithes, minor reforms to the legal
systems, contradictions surrounding religious toleration, no conclusions on an official
religious settlement, scrutiny from army radicals, possibility of foreign invasion, and
unpopular taxation methods.
● The Rump Parliament made some progress in certain areas such as establishing the
council of state as a separate body for policy making, abolishing the use of Latin in legal
proceedings, and abolishing special privileges of MPs before the law.
Role of the New Model Army (NMA)
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