NBRC CRT Exam: Respiratory Therapy
Pathologies Prep Questions
Emphysema -
\Weakening & permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal
bronchioles. Accompied by desaturation of their walls & w/o obvious fibrosis.
Type B COPD
BLUE BLOCKER
Is what pathology? -
\Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis -
\Characterized by daily productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months each year
for 2 years in a row.
Bronchiectasis -
\Chronic dilation and Distortion of one or more bronchi as a result of excessive
inflammation and desaturation of bronchial walls blood vessels elastic tissue and
smooth muscles can create an obstructive or restrictive pattern.
Apnea -
\Sensation of breathing for a period of 10 seconds or longer sleep apnea is diagnosed
in patients who have more than 5 episodes of apnea per hour during sleep over a six-
hour period.
Central sleep apnea -
\Caused by failure of the respiratory center of the brain known as the medulla oblongata
and pons which sends signals to the respiratory muscles.
Obstructive sleep apnea -
\Caused by anatomic obstruction of the upper Airway in the presence of continued
ventilatory effort.
Mixed sleep apnea -
\Combination of both Central and obstructive usually begins as Central apnea followed
by onset of ventilatory effort without air flow.
Chest trauma -
\Any type of trauma to the chest wall unintentional accidental or intentional
Flail Chest -
, \The result of double fractures of at least three or more adjacent ribs causing the
thoracic cage to become unstable flail.
Pneumothorax -
\Gas or free air accumulated in the pleural space
Hemothorax -
\Blood accumulated in the pleural space
Thermal injuries:Burns/Smoke Inhalation/ Carbon Monoxide Poisoning -
\The inhalation of smoke and hot gases often accompanied buy a body surface Burns.
May lead to complete Airway obstruction. Should be suspected in the presence of any
type of fire (i.e burning leaves, trash fire, & kitchen fire).
ARDS- acute respiratory distress syndrome -
\An illness or injury to the lungs that results in reduced lung compliance and refractory
hypoxemia.
Myasthenia gravis -
\Chronic disorder of the neuromuscular Junction that interferes with the chemical
transmission of acetylcholine a descending perilous moves from 9 to ground.
For patients with any neurologic/ Neurosurgical condition and RRT should watch for
ventilatory failure by monitoring what three parameters? -
\1. Spontaneous tidal volume TV
2. vital capacity VC
3 maximum inspiratory pressure MIP
Guillain-Barre Syndrome -
\Rare autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Most likely and an
immune disorder that causes inflammation and deterioration of the patient's peripheral
nervous system. And ascending perilous move from ground to the brain.
Drug overdose -
\Intentional misuse for accidental overuse of medication that excuse the recommended
medical dose.
Stroke/Cerebral Infarction/ Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/ transient ischemic attack
(TIA) -
\A portion of the brain loses blood supply as a result of vascular occlusion or
hemorrhage.
Poliomyelitis/ tetanus/ Muscular Dystrophy/ amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) -
\Neuromuscular disorders that involve loss of voluntary muscle action. The etiology
FOR all of these pathologies are as follow:
Pathologies Prep Questions
Emphysema -
\Weakening & permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal
bronchioles. Accompied by desaturation of their walls & w/o obvious fibrosis.
Type B COPD
BLUE BLOCKER
Is what pathology? -
\Chronic bronchitis
Chronic bronchitis -
\Characterized by daily productive cough for at least 3 consecutive months each year
for 2 years in a row.
Bronchiectasis -
\Chronic dilation and Distortion of one or more bronchi as a result of excessive
inflammation and desaturation of bronchial walls blood vessels elastic tissue and
smooth muscles can create an obstructive or restrictive pattern.
Apnea -
\Sensation of breathing for a period of 10 seconds or longer sleep apnea is diagnosed
in patients who have more than 5 episodes of apnea per hour during sleep over a six-
hour period.
Central sleep apnea -
\Caused by failure of the respiratory center of the brain known as the medulla oblongata
and pons which sends signals to the respiratory muscles.
Obstructive sleep apnea -
\Caused by anatomic obstruction of the upper Airway in the presence of continued
ventilatory effort.
Mixed sleep apnea -
\Combination of both Central and obstructive usually begins as Central apnea followed
by onset of ventilatory effort without air flow.
Chest trauma -
\Any type of trauma to the chest wall unintentional accidental or intentional
Flail Chest -
, \The result of double fractures of at least three or more adjacent ribs causing the
thoracic cage to become unstable flail.
Pneumothorax -
\Gas or free air accumulated in the pleural space
Hemothorax -
\Blood accumulated in the pleural space
Thermal injuries:Burns/Smoke Inhalation/ Carbon Monoxide Poisoning -
\The inhalation of smoke and hot gases often accompanied buy a body surface Burns.
May lead to complete Airway obstruction. Should be suspected in the presence of any
type of fire (i.e burning leaves, trash fire, & kitchen fire).
ARDS- acute respiratory distress syndrome -
\An illness or injury to the lungs that results in reduced lung compliance and refractory
hypoxemia.
Myasthenia gravis -
\Chronic disorder of the neuromuscular Junction that interferes with the chemical
transmission of acetylcholine a descending perilous moves from 9 to ground.
For patients with any neurologic/ Neurosurgical condition and RRT should watch for
ventilatory failure by monitoring what three parameters? -
\1. Spontaneous tidal volume TV
2. vital capacity VC
3 maximum inspiratory pressure MIP
Guillain-Barre Syndrome -
\Rare autoimmune disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Most likely and an
immune disorder that causes inflammation and deterioration of the patient's peripheral
nervous system. And ascending perilous move from ground to the brain.
Drug overdose -
\Intentional misuse for accidental overuse of medication that excuse the recommended
medical dose.
Stroke/Cerebral Infarction/ Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/ transient ischemic attack
(TIA) -
\A portion of the brain loses blood supply as a result of vascular occlusion or
hemorrhage.
Poliomyelitis/ tetanus/ Muscular Dystrophy/ amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) -
\Neuromuscular disorders that involve loss of voluntary muscle action. The etiology
FOR all of these pathologies are as follow:
