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Samenvatting klinische orthopedagogiek

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De samenvatting bevat zowel de te lezen artikels als de leerstof uit de les. Ik behaalde 17/20 op het examen a.d.h.v. dit document.

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  • July 4, 2024
  • 177
  • 2023/2024
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By: justinedevoldere1 • 3 months ago

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KLINISCHE ORTHOPEDAGOGIEK

Les 1a: introductie ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Les 1: GES: van Aichhorn tot de beweging voor vernieuwing van opvoeding en onderwijs .......................... 5
De voorlopers/pioniers ................................................................................................................................... 5
Principes van de BVOO .................................................................................................................................. 13
extra artikel: Broekaert ‘personen met gedragstoornissen’ ......................................................................... 14
Les 3: GES: Het Loczy-instituut als voorbeeld van de Beweging voor Vernieuwing van Opvoeding en
Onderwijs ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Pedagogische benadering Loczy ................................................................................................................... 16
Pickler pedagogische benadering: 4 principes .............................................................................................. 19
Tekst: Theoretische achtergrond van de opvattingen en werkwijze van dr. Judit Falk met betrekking tot de
opvang van jonge gezinnen in het Loczyinstituut te Boedapest .................................................................. 21
Verhouding verzorgster - kind....................................................................................................................... 21
hoofdstuk 2: het hospitalisatiesyndroom ..................................................................................................... 24
Hoofdstuk 3: stabiliteit en continuïteit ......................................................................................................... 24
Les 2: Ges therapeutische gemeenschappen + Maxwell jones en social learning ........................................ 26
THerapeutische gemeenschappen ................................................................................................................ 26
Types therapeutische gemeenschappen....................................................................................................... 26
therapeutische gemeenschap voor kinderen en adolescenten .................................................................... 28
Maxwell jones – leven en werk ..................................................................................................................... 29
essentiele kenmerken van Jones................................................................................................................... 32
conclusies uit het werk in Belmont/henderson ............................................................................................ 33
Extra Artikel 1: retrospectief onderzoek naar overeenkomsten en relaties tussen Amerikaanse drugsvrije
en Europese therapeutische gemeenschappen voor kinderen en volwassenen .......................................... 37
Les MM: The Third Generation of Therapeutic Communities...................................................................... 39
De eerste generatie Therapeutische gemeenschappen ............................................................................... 39
De Tweede generatie Therapeutische gemeenschappen ............................................................................. 40
De Derde generatie Therapeutische gemeenschappen ................................................................................ 41
Interconnecties tussen de eerste europese tG’s en amerikaanse Tg’s ......................................................... 41
Europeaanse identiteit .................................................................................................................................. 43
Discussie: Adaptation of American models into own culture ....................................................................... 43
The Drug-Free Therapeutic Community ........................................................................................................ 44
Groepstherapeutische modellen .................................................................................................................. 49
individuele aspecten in TG’s.......................................................................................................................... 49
Artikel bij de les .......................................................................................................................................... 50
Les 4 GES: Internering ................................................................................................................................. 51
Internering .................................................................................................................................................... 51

1

, Wat met ‘onhandelbare’ geïnterneerden? (artiekel Permentier) ................................................................ 54
aantal geïnterneerden in de gevangenis ....................................................................................................... 55
Indeling risicoprofiel...................................................................................................................................... 56
Belang van sterktegerichte benaderingen .................................................................................................... 57
Artikels bij les internering (lezen) ............................................................................................................... 58
Artikel: licht aan het einde van de interneringstunnel voor iedereen? ........................................................ 58
Artikel: sterktegerichte strategieën voor mensen met een psychiatrische problematiek die strafbare feiten
pleeg .............................................................................................................................................................. 61
Les 7: GES: Psychopathologie bij jongeren in gemeenschapsinstelling ........................................................ 63
Ruimer kader en setting ................................................................................................................................ 63
Antisociaal gedrag ......................................................................................................................................... 64
diagnostiek .................................................................................................................................................... 64
diagnostische benaderingen ......................................................................................................................... 65
prevalentie van psychopathologie ................................................................................................................ 66
comorbiditeit................................................................................................................................................. 69
conclusie........................................................................................................................................................ 69
genderverschillen .......................................................................................................................................... 70
de effeten van psychopathologie in jeugddelinquenten op individu en samenleving ................................. 71
relatie jeugddelinquentie en geestelijke gezondheid? ................................................................................. 71
klinische implicaties ...................................................................................................................................... 71
slotgedachte .................................................................................................................................................. 72
artikels bij de les......................................................................................................................................... 72
artikel: geslachtsverschillen in psychiatrische stoornissen en clusters van zelfwaardering onder
gedetineerde adolescenten .......................................................................................................................... 72
artikel: massachusetts youth screening instrument voor de geestelijke gezondheidsbehoeften van
jongerenin residentiële welzijns-/justitiële instellingen: identificatie van genderverschillen tussen landen
en settings ..................................................................................................................................................... 73
Les 5 en 6: MM: productinformatie ............................................................................................................ 76
Definiëringen en contextschets .................................................................................................................... 76
Klassificaties (indelingen, groepen)............................................................................................................... 78
Psycholeptica: de dempende stoffen ............................................................................................................ 79
Psychoanaleptica: stimulerende middelen ................................................................................................... 87
Psychodysleptica ........................................................................................................................................... 93
Producten met een meervoudige werkingspatroon ................................................................................... 100
Enkele slotbeschouwingen .......................................................................................................................... 103
neurofysiologische werking ........................................................................................................................ 103
Les 8: MM: het belgisch drugsbeleid......................................................................................................... 104
Het drugsfenomeen .................................................................................................................................... 104

2

, het internationaal kader ............................................................................................................................. 107
Historiek van het Belgisch drugsbeleid ....................................................................................................... 109
De voornemens van het Belgisch drugsbeleid… ......................................................................................... 111
Ook effectief geïmplementeerd? ................................................................................................................ 114
wat te onthouden?...................................................................................................................................... 117
Les 9: MM: Alcohol en drughulpverlening in Vlaanderen: organisatie, feiten en tendensen ..................... 117
Middelenmisbruik, afhankelijkheid en verslaving? ..................................................................................... 117
Ontstaan van de drughulpverlening............................................................................................................ 120
Organisatie drughulpverlening.................................................................................................................... 123
Onderscheiden hulpverleningsvormen ....................................................................................................... 125
Onderzoeksbevindingen m.b.t. behandeling druggebruikers en recente ontwikkelingen ......................... 128
Naar meer kwaliteit van zorg ...................................................................................................................... 129
artikel bij de les: justitie en hulpverlening ................................................................................................ 130
toenemende samenwerking tussen justitie en de drughulpverlening ....................................................... 130
juridische basis voor doorverwijzingen vanuit justitie naar de drughulpverlening .................................... 130
een evoluerend hulpverleningsaanbod voor druggebruikers ..................................................................... 130
het actuele zorgaanbod in de drughulpverlening ....................................................................................... 131
Discussie en conclusie ................................................................................................................................. 131
Les MM: alcohol- en drugpreventie in de praktijk .................................................................................... 132
Evolutie preventie ....................................................................................................................................... 132
Informatiegerichte preventiebenaderingen ............................................................................................... 133
Epidemiologie.............................................................................................................................................. 134
Sociale invloed benaderingen ..................................................................................................................... 137
Individuelere benaderingen: zorg en begeleiding – geïndiceerde preventie .............................................. 139
Omgevingsgerichte benaderingen .............................................................................................................. 139
Implementatie ............................................................................................................................................. 139
Artikel 1: unplugged, drugpreventie in de eerste grood secundair onderwijs ........................................... 140
Artikel 2: factoren die van invloed zijn op implementatie: culturele aanpassing en training ..................... 142
Les GES/MM (bij beide): Villa voortman ................................................................................................... 143
Introductie................................................................................................................................................... 143
Probleemstelling en ontstaan ..................................................................................................................... 143
Doelgroep .................................................................................................................................................... 143
Leidende principes ...................................................................................................................................... 144
Ondersteunende theoretische modellen .................................................................................................... 146
Praktische uitwerking .................................................................................................................................. 146
Onderzoek en resultaten............................................................................................................................. 147
Besluit.......................................................................................................................................................... 148

3

, Les GES: Het holistisch paradigma van het postmoderne opvoeden ......................................................... 148
Vier paradigma’s / denklijnen: .................................................................................................................... 148
Post-structuralisme ..................................................................................................................................... 151
Post-constuctivisme .................................................................................................................................... 153
Illustratie ..................................................................................................................................................... 155
extra artikel bij de les: de postmoderne toepassing van holistisch onderwijs ........................................... 155
Les MM: Samenwerken en lokale netwerken in de jeugdhulp .................................................................. 158
Samenwerken en lokale netwerken ............................................................................................................ 158
Case study van Brugge(n) voor jongeren .................................................................................................... 158
Les GES: psychotrauma............................................................................................................................. 166
Oorsprong ................................................................................................................................................... 166
Stressreacties .............................................................................................................................................. 167
diagnostiek .................................................................................................................................................. 169
Trauma bij Kinderen .................................................................................................................................... 172
Interventie ................................................................................................................................................... 173
orthopedagogisch perspectief .................................................................................................................... 175




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