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JR101 Final Exam.
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Exam of 18 pages for the course JR 101 - at JR 101 - (JR101 Final Exam.)
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JR101 Final ExamT/F? Patella serves as a fulcrum for the quad muscles and provides a mechanical
advantage to help the quads function more efficiently. - ANS-true
Top part of the patella is the _________ - ANS-base
How many articulations exist within the knee joint? - ANS-3
The knee joint is a modified hinge joint and what other type of joint? - ANS-synovial
What are the two groups of ligaments in the knee? - ANS-intraarticular and
extracapsular
T/F? The PCL is extracapsular - ANS-false
T/F? The primary function of the quad muscle group is to flex the knee. - ANS-false
T/F? The primary function of the hamstring is the flex the knee. - ANS-True
The hamstring muscle group includes? - ANS--biceps femoris
-semitendenosus
-semimembranosus
The condyle is "hypertrophic" means - ANS-increased in size
Describe the anatomical position. - ANS-arms extended at the sides with palms facing
forward
The sagittal plane divides the body into? - ANS-left and right
Patient is laying upright on the table, how would you describe their position? -
ANS-supine
A surgeon is examining an x-ray image that includes a patient's left and right knee
joints. He/she points out a possible tumor on the distal medial femoral condyle on the
right knee. He/she comments that there seems to be no pathology on the same location
on the "contralateral" side. The "contralateral" side is: - ANS-left (opposite) side
,This soft type of bone exists in the epiphyseal/metaphyseal regions of long bones -
ANS-cancellous
"bone changes in form and function due to mechanical stresses and the force of
muscular tension placed on it" - ANS-Wolffs Law
The flexible connective tissue found on joint surfaces which allows joint surfaces to slide
against one another is called - ANS-cartilage
The fibrous connective tissue that connects bones to other bones - ANS-ligaments
The PCL in the knee - ANS-originates on the tibia and inserts on the tibial tuberosity
originates on the tibia and inserts on the patella
originates on the tibia and inserts on the fibular head
none of the answers are correct
T/F? The two points of attachment for the MCL are the distal medial femoral condyle
and the proximal fibular head - ANS-false
A tough band if fibrous connective tissue that usually connects muscle to bone and is
capable of withstanding tension is know as - ANS-tendons
T/F? The point of origin of a muscle is a location where a muscle can move. - ANS-false
The main function of cortical bone is to provide what? - ANS-strength
bilateral means - ANS-occurring on both sides of the body
ipsilateral means - ANS-occurring on same side of the body
avascular necrosis means - ANS-death of bone due to lack of blood flow
arthritis means - ANS-inflammation of the joint
the largest joint in the human body is - ANS-the knee joint
The LCL originates at the ______ and inserts on the _____ - ANS--lateral femoral
condyle
-fibular head
, Which ligament is attached to the meniscus and is often damaged with trauma to the
meniscus? - ANS-MCL
The medical femoral condyle is ______ and ______ curved than the lateral condyle. -
ANS--larger
-more curved
The main blood supply to the lower leg is the - ANS-popliteal artery
the ACL is responsible for - ANS-restraint to anterior tibial translation with respect to
femur
the PCL is responsible for - ANS-restraint to posterior tibial translation with respect to
femur
the MCL is responsible for - ANS-restraint to valgus angulation
the LCL is responsible for - ANS-restraint to varus angulation
How many degrees of freedom are in the knee? - ANS-6
-A +P
-M+L
-I+E
-F+E
The mechanical axis of the lower extremity is determined by drawing a straight line from
- ANS-the femoral head center to ankle center
T/F? The anatomic axes in the lower extremity are represented by two mutually
exclusive line - ANS-true
When we refer to the functional axes of the knee, we reference the combination of
rotations around what two axes? - ANS--transepicondylar axis of the femur
-longitudinal axis of the tibia
The flexion extension axis closely corresponds to the insertion points of what two
ligamentous soft tissue structures in the knee joint? - ANS-MCL and LCL
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