EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION
Immunity-✅✅ Condition of being protected against a particular disease
2 Types of Immunity-✅✅ Natural/Innate
Adaptive
Natural/Innate Immunity- ✅✅ The body's inborn system to protect itself
and fight infections
Adaptive Immunity- ✅✅ This develops as a result of exposure to a
disease-causing organism so that next time the body meets it again, it can
defend itself
Antigen-✅✅ Substance that causes the body to produce specific
antibodies
Antibody- ✅✅ Substance that is produced by the immune system and
defends the body against infections.
Naturally Acquired Active Immunity- ✅✅ Resulting from infection
eg: COVID-19 creates antibodies
Artificially Acquired Active Immunity-✅✅ Injection of Antigen (vaccine:
attenuated, killed, toxoid, recombinant DNA)
Giving a copy of the microorganism will trigger the immune system to
produce antibodies against the real microorganism to prevent infection
Naturally Acquired Passive Immunity- ✅✅ Transplacental or colostrum
Antibodies gained by the mother either through infections or vaccine will be
transferred to the baby
Artificially Acquired Passive Immunity-✅✅ Injection of antibody
eg: antiserum, immunoglobulin
Giving the body the antibodies needed to fight off or prevent an infection
, ✅✅
Artificially Acquired Active- Identify the type of immunity:
Animal handlers get rabies vaccinations to protect themselves from
potential exposure to the virus through bites or scratches
Naturally Acquired Passive- ✅✅ Identify the type of immunity:
Plasma therapy is one of the techniques currently being tested against
COVID-19. Patients who have recovered successfully from the disease
donate plasma from their blood.
Naturally Acquired Active- ✅✅ Identify the type of immunity:
A patient developed chickenpox when she was a kid. Despite having an
officemate who has chickenpox now, she did not get sick.
✅✅
Artificially Acquired Passive- Identify the type of immunity:
ER personnel attended to a patient who got injured by a rusty metal. He
was given Tetanus antitoxin to neutralize the tetanospasmin
Immunization- ✅✅ Beneficial and cost-effective disease prevention.
Process of inducing immunity against a specific disease through vaccines.
Passive (administration of antibody-containing preparations) or active
(stimulation of the immune system)
Protection is usually long-term if not lifetime
Smallpox- ✅✅ This disease was widespread in the 18th century and
resulted in a very high death rate.
✅✅
Variolation- Intentionally infecting a healthy person with the "matter"
taken from a patient sick with a mild attack of the disease
Cowpox- ✅✅ Persons who suffered an attack of ___ (a relative of
smallpox)- a relatively harmless disease that could be contracted from
cattle could not take the smallpox.
Edward Jenner- ✅✅ The father of immunization.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TUTORSON. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
