ch 20 - circulatory system
circulatory system functions- ✅
Gas exchange
Distribution of nutrients
Removal of wastes
Maintain fluid levels in tissues
Thermoregulation
circulatory system structures- ✅
Vessels
Heart
(spleen)
arteries-✅ carry blood Away from the heart, regardless of contents. Thick
walls, with a small lumen and no valves. High pressure system.
arterioles-✅ small branches of arteries
capillaries-✅
small blood vessels
Site of gas/nutrient exchange between blood and tissues
Red blood cells pass through single file
✅ small beaches of veins
venules-
veins-✅ carry blood to the heart, regardless of contents. Thin walls, with a
large lumen and valves. Low pressure system.
✅ systemic loop
two main circuits of the circulatory system-
pulmonary loop
✅ to all tissues of the body
systemic loop-
pulmonary loop-✅ flow to and from the lungs for oxygenation
, does NOT provide blood to lung tissues
main branches of the pulmonary loop- ✅
Pulmonary trunk
L&R pulmonary artery
L&R pulmonary vein
3 main divisions of systemic blood flow-✅
To the head/brain/neck/arms (branched pairs)
To the trunk/pelvis/legs (branched pairs)
To the coelomic viscera (unpaired branches)
including hepatic portal flow
vessels to the systemic head/brain/neck/arms sub loop- ✅ brachiocephalic
trunk
L & R subclavian aa
L & R common carotid aa
L & R internal jugular vv
L & R subclavian vv
L & R brachiocephalic vv
superior vena cava (SVC).
vessels to the systemic trunk/pelvis/legs sub loop-✅
Descending aorta
L&R common iliac aa
L&R common iliac vv
Inferior vena cava
to the coelomic viscera-✅ descending aorta (artery)
celiac trunk (artery)
superior mesenteric (artery)
inferior mesenteric (artery)
splenic (vein)
superior mesenteric (vein)
inferior mesenteric (vein)
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